What are Bollywood's biggest flops of all time which came with high expectations?

 There have been several films from big production houses that were released with a lot of hype but failed to meet the expectations of the audience. Some of them have attained cult status a few decades after their release and hence are considered to have been ahead of their time.

1. Jhansi ki rani (1953)

This was one of the most ambitious productions of Sohrab Modi, made under the banner of Minerva Movietone. In 1941, Sohrab Modi had struck gold with Sikander, based on the invasion of India by Alexander and his war with Porus. Jhansi ki Rani was made on a bigger canvas and was a Technicolour production. Sohrab Modi’s wife Mehtab was cast as Rani Lakshmibai and he himself played the role of Rajguru. The film was also dubbed in English for an international release (without songs) but bombed at the box-office.

2. Kaagaz ke phool (1959)

This Guru Dutt classic was the first Cinemascope film of Indian cinema. A film about a top director’s broken marriage and an affair with his leading actress, it closely mirrored Dutt’s own life. Despite having made this with high hopes, Kaagaz ke Phool was panned by both the critics and the audience of that time and caused Guru Dutt a loss of Rs 17 lakhs. So strong was the blow to Dutt that he decided not to add his name to the directorial credits thereafter for any of his films. Three decades later, the film began finding a new audience after being showcased in a few film festivals in Europe and a documentary on Guru Dutt by Nasreen Munni Kabir on BBC’s Channel 4. Today, Kaagaz Ke Phool is considered a landmark of Hindi cinema.

3. Son of India (1962)

Mehboob Khan made this following the international success of Mother India (1957), which was also nominated for the Oscars in the Best Foreign Film category. Enthusiastic with the success of Mother India and the popularity of Master Sajid, who acted in it, Son of India was launched, in colour. It had Master Sajid playing the lead and was released in 1962 but failed miserably. Today it is only remembered for its songs, like Nanna munna rahi hoon and Dil todne wale.

4. Guide (1964) English Version

Not many know that Guide was made in two languages - Hindi and English. The English version was 120-min long, directed by Tad Danielewski and written by Pearl S Buck. This version was released with a lot of pre-release publicity. The English Guide was closer to the book ‘The Guide’ written by RK Narayan but was a flop when it was released. The Hindi version was made by Vijay Anand and turned out to be a major success.

5. Mera Naam Joker (1970)

This was the most ambitious project of Raj Kapoor after the stupendous success of Sangam (1964). A semi-autobiographical venture, the film originally ran for more than 4 hours, with two intervals. It opened to dismal box office performance, landing Raj Kapoor in a financial crisis, after which he had to mortgage his property, including the famous RK Studios. He made Bobby three years later to tide over this crisis. Mera Naam Joker was later edited in the 1980s and the abridged version has been hailed by both the critics and the viewers over the decades.

6. Shalimar (1978)

Much before the likes of Disney and Sony entered the Indian film market, Shalimar was a collaborative venture. It starred Hollywood actors like Rex Harrison, Sylvia Miles and John Saxon along with Dharmendra, Zeenat Aman and Shammi Kapoor. It was a bilingual release (Hindi and English) but failed in both the versions.

7. Shaan (1980)

A multi-starrer, made by Ramesh Sippy right after the success of a blockbuster beyond measure like Sholay. It is said that Sholay was still running in some theatres when Shaan was released and was removed to accommodate the new release. But it failed to match the expectations of the viewers and failed upon release.

8. Razia Sultan (1983)

Written and directed by Kamal Amrohi, Razia Sultan was made a decade after the success of his Pakeezah. Starring Hema Malini, Dharmendra, Parveen Babi and Sohrab Modi, it was backed by immense hype in print media and was touted to be the next big period film of Hindi cinema, perhaps along the lines of Mughal-e-azam. Amrohi even went overboard in his quest for perfection. For a banquet scene in the film, 45 lambs, 251 fish, 455 chickens and one and a half tonnes of biryani were prepared to give the actors a real stimulation of royal food (Source: India Today). Several scenes were cut after after a fortune was spent on shooting them. Upon its release, the film was a complete disappointment at the box office, mainly due to its uneven screenplay, patchy performances and esoteric dialogues.

9. Ajooba (1991)

It starred an Amitabh Bachchan who was desperate to get back to his days of glory in films after a bad show in politics. It was directed by Shashi Kapoor and co-directed by the Soviet filmmaker Gennadi Vasilyev. Made at a budget of Rs 8 crores, this movie based on an Arabian folktale bombed at the box office. Shashi Kapoor never made a film again.

10. Roop Ki Rani Choron Ka Raja (1993)

Planned after the runaway success of Mr India, this Boney Kapoor production had a similar look and even starred Anil Kapoor and Sridevi. Initially, the film was supposed to be directed by Shekar Kapoor, who had also directed Mr India but after several project delays, he was later replaced with Satish Kaushik! It lacked the combined magic of Salim Javed as it was a solo work of Javed Akhtar. With hardly a strong script to back it and production costs spiralling out of control due to delays, this film not only was one of the biggest disasters of that decade, it landed Boney Kapoor in a major financial crisis.

Edit 1: I had referred to the Sohrab Modi production as Pukar erroneously instead of Sikandar. It was pointed out later. Pukar was another costume drama by Sohrab Modi set in the Mughal era which came out even earlier and had been a huge success as well.

What is the biggest object ever found in the universe?

 The single largest object (excluding galaxies, the universe itself, etc.) ever identified is S5 0014+81. Brace yourself for this one.

S5 0014+81 is classified as a quasar. Upon closer examination, researchers discovered a black hole sitting at its center. Scientists anticipated finding an average-sized black hole... but were stunned when they calculated its mass at a staggering 40,000,000,000 (40 billion) solar masses.

Pause for 5 seconds to let that fully register

The Schwarzschild radius of that supermassive black hole measures 118.35 billion kilometers.

Doesn't sound too extreme, right? Well, consider this: If our sun shrank down to the size of a soccer ball, "Big Brother" would still measure roughly 37.42 km across.

Here's another visual to help put this object's scale into perspective:

Which is the biggest mystery in space science?

 Blackhole.

Why?

• It can't be seen. Yes! a blackhole cannot be detected neither with a telescope nor by any spacecraft, yet it is found to exist.
• It doesnot emit radiation. Being the most massive objects of the Universe ( an object of infinite mass ), it doesn't emit it's own radiation rather it is detected by the radiation given off by the body which is in it's acreetion disk. On the contrary, every body in this universe that has mass is found to emit radiation. An 'atom' ( basic structural unit of everything around us ) also emits radiation.
• If you wish to remain forever young, you should prefer going into a Blackhole. It's​ gravitational pull is so massive that even light cannot escape it's surface, time inside the blackhole stops.

• Even you can become a black hole. Theoretically,any object compressed to very high density has the potential of becoming a Blackhole.
• Despite being so massive, they can evaporate with time.

• Don't be surprised when a 5 ft 7′ guy suddenly looks like a 6 ft 4′ ! A phenomenon called 'spagehttification' takes place as your feet tend to get more closer to the center of Blackhole.

P.S.: No one is able to ascertain firmly the reason for all these phenomenon. The concept of Blackhole though discovered over a 100 years ago, still remains a matter of debate to the leading scientists of the World.

How big was the biggest known star compared to the sun?

 If placed in our solar system, the largest recorded star would swallow Saturn. It could hold nearly 10 billion Suns—a scale astrophysicists argue is physically impossible.

Because of this uncertainty, the crown for the "biggest known star" frequently changes hands. Measuring the exact boundaries of a red supergiant is notoriously difficult. These stars are shrouded in thick shells of dust and their outer envelopes constantly pulsate, making it hard to agree on where the star ends and space begins.

Currently, three major contenders define the debate:

The Former Champion: UY Scuti
For years, UY Scuti was the undisputed king of stars. It was estimated to have a radius 1,708 times that of the Sun, giving it roughly 5 billion times the solar volume. However, recent parallax measurements from the Gaia space observatory slashed this estimate in half. Better data showed the star was much closer to Earth than previously thought, dropping its estimated size to between 755 and 909 solar radii. It remains a behemoth, but it is no longer the record-holder.

The Pop Culture Record-Holder: Stephenson 2-18
Search for the largest star today, and you will likely find Stephenson 2-18. It holds the largest cited size estimate at roughly 2,150 solar radii, creating the impossible 10-billion-Sun scale. However, this measurement is highly disputed among astrophysicists. The 2,150-radii figure breaks the theoretical maximum limit of how big a red supergiant can physically get before it sheds its outer layers. Many astronomers believe the estimate relies on faulty assumptions about the star's distance and luminosity.

The Current Scientific Consensus: WOH G64
This is the star most astrophysicists point to today as the most scientifically defensible candidate. Located in the Large Magellanic Cloud, WOH G64 has a well-characterized estimate of about 1,540 solar radii, which translates to roughly 3.65 billion times the volume of the Sun. If WOH G64 replaced our Sun, its surface would swallow everything up to the orbit of Jupiter. The measurement holds up better to scrutiny than Stephenson 2-18, though it still comes with the inherent uncertainty of measuring a pulsating, dust-shrouded star in a neighboring galaxy.

WOH G64, the current scientific consensus for the largest known star, shown at scale next to the Sun. Source: Wikimedia Commons.

Sources · 3

Who is the biggest family in Tollywood?

 The biggest family in Tollywood (Telugu film industry is generally considered to be Allu Konidela Family

In simple words

This family tree can be understood step by step.

⭐In First generation

1. Allu Ramalingaiah is the head of the family.

He has a son Allu Aravind and Daughter Surekha

Children of Allu Aravind and wife Nirmala Allu (3 son)

Allu Venkatesh, Allu Arjun and Allu Sirish

Allu Aravind ‘s sister Surekha is married to Chiranjeevi

So Allu Aravind became the brother in law of Chiranjeevi,

Allu Arjun, Ram Charan, Varun Tej and Sai Dharam Tej belong to the prominent to Konidela Allu "Mega Family."

The Allu and Konidela families are connected through Chiranjeevi's marriage to Surekha, Allu Aravind's sister.

2. Chiranjeevi family

Chiranjeevi Son is Ram Charan

Chiranjeevi has 2 brother Nagendra Babu, Pawan Kalyan and 2 sister, one of them is Vijaya Durga.

Chiranjeevi is the Paternal uncle of Varun Tej, Niharika Kondidela and maternal uncle of Sai Dharam Tej.

Chiranjeevi is Allu Arjun’s uncle in law by marriage because he is married to Surekha the sister of Allu Arjun's Father Allu Aravind.

So Allu Venkatesh, Allu Arjun, Allu Sirish, Varun Tej, and Sai Dharam Tej is the nephew of Chiranjeevi

Niharika Kondidela is niece of Chiranjeevi

3. Nagendra Babu family

Nagendra babu has 2 children, Son Varun Tej and Daughter Niharika Kondidela

While Niharika Kondidela also an actress in Telugu films, known for Oka Manasu film.

Nagendra Babu is Sai Dharam Tej maternal uncle and Sai Dharam Tej is Nagendra Babu’s Nephew

Sai Dharam Tej is Vijaya Durga's son, he is Nagendra Babu's maternal nephew.

Nagendra Babu is the paternal uncle of Ram Charan, the maternal uncle of Sai Dharam Tej and and the uncle by marriage of Allu Arjun through the close Konidela–Allu family.

Ram Charan is Nagendra Babu's nephew.

So Allu Arjun is not technically Nagendra Babu's nephew by blood.

4. Vijayadurga Family

Vijayadurga has a son Named Sai Dharam Tej, She is the sister of Chiranjeevi Nagendra Babu and Pawan Kalyan

She is the maternal aunt of Ram Charan, Varun Tej, and Niharika Konidela, and the mother of Sai Dharam Tej.

Therefore, Ram Charan, Varun Tej are the nephew and Niharika Kondidela is Niece of Vijayadurga.

5. Pawan Kalyan

Pawan Kalyan is the Paternal uncle of Ram charan and Varun Tej and Niharika Kondidela, because he is the younger brother of their fathers , Chiranjeevi and Narendra Babu respectively.

Pawan Kalyan is Sai Dharam Tej's maternal uncle, because he is the elder brother of Vijaya durga and siblings Chiranjeevi and Nagendra. He is also Allu Arjun's uncle by marriage, as his brother Chiranjeevi is married to Surekha, the sister of Allu Arjun's father, Allu Aravind.

So Ram Charan, Varun Tej and Sai Dharam Tej are the nephew of Pawan Kalyan and Niharika Kondidela is niece of Pawan.

While Actor Allu Sirish is also cousin of Ram Charan, Varun Tej and Sai Dharam Tej and Paternal/Uncle of Chiranjeevi.

•Final conclusion

Allu Venkatesh, Allu Arjun and Allu Sirish are Brothers.

Varun Tej and Niharika Kondidela are Brothers and Sisters.

Ram Charan is the cousin brother of Allu Brothers.

While Ram Charan, Varun Tej, Niharika Kondidela and Sai Dharam Tej, all are first cousins, sharing a close family bond as members of the Konidela family.

⭐Other notable Telugu Industry Family

Akkineni and Daggubati Family

NTR Family

What are the biggest mysteries about gravity that scientists still can't explain?

 A tiny fridge magnet can lift a paperclip, completely overpowering the pull of the entire Earth. To physicists, this baffling weakness is just the first of gravity's many mysteries.

This massive discrepancy is known as the "hierarchy problem." Gravity is roughly 10^40 times weaker than the electromagnetic force. Physicists do not know why it is so diluted compared to the other fundamental forces. Some theoretical models suggest gravity might be "leaking" into extra dimensions, but there is no experimental proof.

The second major hurdle is quantum gravity. Every other fundamental interaction—electromagnetism, the strong nuclear force, and the weak nuclear force—has a proven quantum mechanical description involving subatomic carrier particles. Gravity does not. Albert Einstein’s theory of general relativity describes gravity as the smooth, continuous warping of spacetime. Quantum mechanics, conversely, dictates that the universe operates in discrete, unpredictable jumps. These two mathematical frameworks are fundamentally incompatible. When researchers try to combine them into a single equation, the math yields impossible infinite answers.

This incompatibility becomes a concrete problem when looking at black holes. At the center of a black hole lies a singularity, a point where matter is compressed into infinite density and spacetime curvature becomes infinite. In physics, infinities usually mean a theory has broken down and stopped describing reality. Because there is no quantum theory of gravity, scientists cannot describe what actually happens to matter and spacetime at the core of a black hole.

Finally, gravity refuses to behave as expected on cosmic scales. When astronomers measure the rotation of galaxies, the outer edges spin far too fast to be held together by the gravity of the visible stars and gas. The outer stars should fling off into space. To explain why galaxies do not tear themselves apart, physicists postulate the existence of "dark matter"—an invisible substance exerting massive gravitational pull. Yet, despite decades of searching, no one has detected a dark matter particle, leaving the true nature of galactic gravity unexplained.

Superimposed mass density contours showing the gravitational lensing of dark matter in the Bullet Cluster. Source: Wikimedia Commons.

Who is the biggest god among gods?

 Param Shiva Supreme god with supreme Shivling

Agni Shivling

Vayu ling check Sanatan Shiv Dharma

All tantrik breadth practice done under Vayu ling

All kundalini practice done under shiva

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Param shiva is shunya 🕉 beginning of Universe.

Shivling : All soul born by Shivling Shakti.

We all human being carbon copy of Shiva.

Who was the bigger star in the era of Shashi Kapoor, Amitabh Bachchan, Vinod Khanna, Rajesh Khanna, Jeetendra and Dharmendra?

 All these actors except Dharmendra and Amitabh had phases of highs and lows. So it is difficult to make a comprehensive list of their stardom. Figures don't convey the extent of popularity often. But still we will try.

Number of HGOTY-

Dharmendra - 4 (Phool aur Patthar, Aankhein, Sholay, Hukumat)

Amitabh- 6 (Roti Kapda aur Makaan, Sholay, Amar Akbar Anthony, Muqaddar ka Sikandar, Suhaag, Coolie)

Vinod Khanna- 3 (Muqaddar ka Sikandar, Amar Akbar Anthony, Qurbani)

Shashi Kapoor- 3 (Waqt, Suhaag, Kranti)

Rajesh Khanna - 2 (Aradhana, Haathi mere Saathi)

Jeetendra - 1 (Tohfa)

Blockbuster Hits

Dharmendra - 9 ( Phool aur Patthar, Aankhein, Mera Gaon Mera Desh, Seeta aur Geeta, Jugnu, Yaadon ki Baraat, Sholay, Pratigya, Dharam Veer)

Amitabh Bachchan - 14 (Zanjeer, Roti Kapda aur Makan, Sholay, Deewar, Amar Akbar Anthony, Muqaddar ka Sikandar, Lawaris, Naseeb, Namak Halal, Coolie, Andha Kanoon, Mard, Mohabbatein, Kabhi Khushi kabhi Gam)

Vinod Khanna- 5 (Mera Gaon Mera Desh, Amar Akbar Anthony, Muqaddar ka Sikandar, Qurbani, Chandni)

Shashi Kapoor- 7 (Waqt, Jab Jab Phool Khile, Chor Machaye Shor, Roti Kapda aur Makaan, Deewar, Kranti, Namak Halaal)

Rajesh Khanna - 4 (Aradhana, Do Raaste, Haathi Mere Saathi, Avtaar)

Jeetendra - 7 (Farz, Bidaai, Dharam Veer, Aasha, Meri Aawaz Suno, Himmatwala, Swarg se Sundar)

Top Star Ranking-

Dharmendra - Number 1 star between 1972–75, Number 2 between 1968–71 and 1976–82, Number 3 star between 1983–84 and 1987

Amitabh Bachchan - Number 2 star in 1975, Number 1 star between 1976–91

Vinod Khanna- Number 3 star between 1977–79

Shashi Kapoor- Never in top 3

Rajesh Khanna - Number 1 star between 1969–71, Number 2 star between 1972–74

Jeetendra - Number 3 between 1980–82 and 85–86, Number 2 between 83–84

Note: There are two actors who were among the top actors during this time not mentioned in the list , Mithun and Manoj Kumar. Both were bigger stars than Shashi Kapoor. Manoj Kumar till 1981 was untouchable with consecutive blockbuster hits and HGOTY and Mithun between 1985–89.

In total, Amitabh Bachchan was the biggest star of the period. Dharmendra was consistently number 2. Rajesh Khanna had a phenomenal period between 1969–71 and then his career peaked between 1973–74, and had a brief revival in 1983–84 but was never consistent. Vinod Khanna was on the way to become one of the top Stars but he left it all to go to Osho ashram. His comeback was good initially but then he whimpered away. Shashi Kapoor was the weakest in comparison with very few prominent hits of his own as a lead or solo role. His career declined in 80s when he turned producer and when he gained weight.

Also none of these actors except Amitabh had a good second innings of his career. Dharmendra offlate did some good and popular roles but didn't had the star power to carry films on his shoulder like Amitabh.