Does Arjuna ever use Pashupatastra?

 Yes he used it to destroy the demons named Kalakeyas and Paulomas after killing the Nivatakavachas. When the demons of Hiranyapura i.e Kalakeyas and Paulomas were giving trouble in battle, Arjuna invoked the Pashupatastra and destroyed the city

In the battle, I bowed down to Rudra, god of the gods. Saying, ‘May there be welfare to all beings,’ I used the great weapon famous by the name of roudra, capable of destroying all enemies. I then saw a man with three heads, nine eyes, three faces and six arms, with hair blazing like the sun and the fire. O scorcher of enemies! There were giant serpents with flaming tongues on his head. O bull among the Bharata lineage! On beholding that terrible and eternal roudra weapon, I lost my fear and attached it to Gandiva. I bowed in obeisance to the three-eyed and infinitely energetic Sharva. O descendant of the Bharata lineage! I discharged it, to defeat the lords of the danavas. O lord of the earth! As soon as I discharged it, it assumed thousands of different forms everywhere—deer, lions, tigers, bears, buffaloes, serpents, cattle, elephants, marsh-deer, sharabhas, bulls, boars, cats, hyenas, ghosts, bhurundas, vultures, garudas, sharks, pishachas, yakshas, haters of gods, guhyakas, nairritas, large fish with mouths like elephants, owls and masses of fish and tortoises, all brandishing many kinds of weapons and swords. There were yatudhanas, wielding clubs and maces. There were many other beings in different forms. They filled up the universe when that weapon was discharged. Those many different forms—with three heads, four tusks, four faces and four arms—devoured the flesh, fat and marrow of the danavas. They continuously killed the ones who had gathered there. O descendant of the Bharata lineage! In an instant, I also killed the danavas with arrows that were destructive of enemies, as hard as the vajra and as radiant as lightning, blazing like the sun and the fire.

-Mahabharata, Yaksha-Yuddha Parva, Chapter 467(170)

Roudrastra is nothing but the so called “Maha Pashupatastra” Shiva bestowed upon Arjuna.

The illustrious Tryambaka told me, ‘I will give. O Pandava! My own weapon, roudra, will always be present before you.’ Satisfied, the lord granted me that pashupata weapon. Having given me that eternal weapon, Mahadeva told me, ‘This should never be used against humans. O Dhananjaya! This powerful weapon should only be used if you are hard-pressed. It can be used to counter all other weapons.’

-Mahabharata. Yaksha-Yuddha Parva, Chapter 460(163)

Honestly speaking this weapon destroyed one city of the demons and 60,000 chariots (meaning 60,000 demons) and not the entire universe as the statements regarding this Astra say. Funnily, the illogical Upamanyu Upakhyana says that this astra is superior to Brahmastra and Narayanastra and is capable of killing Brahma and Vishnu which is absolute bullshit as the feat of this Astra is nothing more than destroying a city when released by Arjuna. For destroying the Tripurasuras with their cities when Shiva used it during Tripura samhara. (although it was also charged with energies of Vishnu, Agni and Soma and also Shiva’s anger as well). So even with all the energies of Vishnu, Agni, Soma and also Shiva’s anger, “Maha Pashupatastra” is limited to destroying cities and not the entire universe as the statements claim.

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He also tried to use it on Karna but when he was about to use it, Karna’s chariot wheel started sinking and hence he refrained from shooting it

Dhananjaya invoked an arrow with divine mantras. It was like a fire and the poison of a serpent. It was made completely out of iron. Kiriti united this with roudrastra and wished to shoot it. But, in that great battle, the earth swallowed up one of the wheels of Radheya’s chariot.

-Mahabharata, Karna Parva, Chapter 1216(66)

At this moment, Karna was countering all of Arjuna’s weapons and Krishna told him to use divine weapons to kill Karna and Arjuna invoked the Roudrastra meaning Karna was having an advantage over Arjuna until his wheel sank down. Though even after that he makes Arjuna swoon and get’s down to take the wheel of his chariot out but Arjuna recovers and while Karna was trying to take out the wheel from the earth, he used Anjalika arrow and killed Karna. (tho BORI removed the part of Arjuna becoming senseless for sometime and Karna getting down during that time).

|| Namō Veṅkaṭeśāya || 🛞 U 🐚

Why couldn't Dronacharya defeat Arjuna?

 Dronacharya was repeatedly overpowered and countered by Yudhishthira let alone Arjuna.

He failed to capture Yudhishthira and proceeded to assault drupada soldiers.

• O descendant of the Bharata lineage! He released the aindra and prajapatya weapons. He wished to kill the son of dharma and was devoted to ensuring your son’s welfare. The lord of the Kurus possessed the gait of an elephant and a lion. He was broad in the chest and his eyes were large and red. His energy was not inferior. He invoked the mahendra weapon and destroyed those weapons. On seeing that his weapons had been destroyed, Drona was overcome with anger. Wishing to destroy Yudhishthira, he unleashed the brahma weapon.Everything was covered in darkness and we could see nothing. O lord of the earth! All the beings were full of great terror. O Indra among kings! On seeing that a brahmastra had been invoked, Yudhishthira, Kunti’s son, used a brahmastra to counter it. At this, all the foremost of warriors praised those bulls among men. ‘“Drona abandoned Kounteya and attacked Drupada’s soldiers.

Arjuna countered every weapon of Dronacharya even while extremely holding back against him

• Whenever Drona tried to do something to defeat Kunti’s son, he was swiftly nullified by the striving Pandava. Drona could not establish his superiority over Pandava in any way. The one who was skilled about the motions of weapons then invoked special weapons—aindra, pashupata, tvashtra, vayavya and varuna. However, as soon as these were released from Drona’s bow, Dhananjaya destroyed them. When his weapons were duly destroyed by Pandava’s weapons, Drona released supreme and divine weapons towards Partha. However, every weapon that was invoked with a desire to vanquish Partha, was duly destroyed by Arjuna with another weapon. When those weapons, including the divine ones, were duly destroyed by Arjuna, Drona honoured Arjuna in his mind.

Partha invoked aindastra to defeat Bhisma , karna , Drona and ashwatthama on 9th day all together . He was way too powerful for Kauravas

How many wives did Arjuna have? How many kids did he have?

 Arjuna had four wives.

• Draupadi -the princess of Panchal. She was the common wife of the Pandavas.

• Ulupi- The Naga princess.
• Chitrangada- The princess of Manipur.
• Subhadra- The Yadava princess , sister of Bhagwan Sri Krishna and Balram ji.

He had obtained one son from each wife, thus he had four sons.

• Shrutakarmana from Draupadi
• Iravan from Ulupi.
• Babruvahana from Chitrangada
• The valorous Abhimanyu from Subhadra.

In Mahabharata, what was the reaction of Arjuna after knowing Karna was his brother?

 After karna’s death, kunti revealed that karna was actually his son and pandavas eldest brother. Arjuna didn't spoke anything right after this revelation. He just silently listened to his mother’s words. It was yudhishthira who expressed his sorrowness after learning the truth.

This are the words expressed by yudhishthira to his mother.

Oh Mother! Till now I have had enormous respect for you! However, you’ve committed a great blunder of not revealing Karna’s identity to the world, just because of your selfishness! You’ve not spoken a single word about Karna all these years to me, nor to Arjuna, nor to Bheemasena or any one of us! Had you informed us of Karna during our childhood and early days, I would have ensured that Karna never slept for even a single day at Duryodhana’s! Had you atleast informed us of Karna before the commencement of the war, I would have gone and personally convinced Karna to come to my side – Or, even if that would not have been possible, I would have ensured that Karna was alive today! Ultimately, Karna had to meet his end because of Arjuna and myself and I’ve to take the blame for the entire fiasco! Had you disclosed about Karna at an appropriate time, the entire disaster could have been averted! Karna could have led a dignified life!”

Yudhishthira was deeply moved away by the truth and thus he cursed all women.

Oh Kunthi Devi! Unable to bear the loss and separation of my elder brother Karna, I’m hereby inflicting a curse upon you, knowing the fact that you are my own mother! However, the blunder that you’ve committed all through your life should not go unpardoned! I’m hereby cursing all of womanhood including you, that secrecy will never stay in you forever! You will not be able to maintain any secrecy in any aspect of your life! Just because you had concealed Karna’s story within you and made Karna a victim to the outside world for no fault of his, you will henceforth never be able to maintain any form of secrecy in your life!”

Later, arjuna felt intense guilt and remorse for killing karna in the battle. He later took great care of karna’s son vrishketu and helped me to emerge as a brave warrior like him.

Unfortunately, modern shows like mahabharata (2013) and suryaputra karna (2016) misinterpret the actual events like after the final duel karna was alive for a long period enduring the unexplainable pain.He attentively listened to his brothers queries, showed them a proper direction and even convince arjuna that he did amazing job by defeating him & pat his back for doing so.

Karna doing Aura Farming- Screenshot from YouTube

And one more thing is duryodhana begging infront of everyone to save karna’s life, especially they show that he felt to krishna’s feet for his dear friend.

Duryodhana requesting Krishna- Screenshot from YouTube

There is no doubt that duryodhana was a good friend to karna and he completely shattered by his demise.It broke him more than losing all his brothers, even dushashan’s death not made him feel like that way.

He knows that his defeat is inevatible after karna’s death and have no hopes like it was earlier. But, he is not that weak or humble enough to beg infront of his enemies to restore his friend’s life by offering them his own.

The varrying metres in Karna - Arjuna climatic battle

 Karna - Arjuna battle in 17th day is overwhelmingly written in Tristubh shlokas but then has few Anustubh shlokas sprinkled in as well.

(Based on the critical edition)

Sections in Tristubh shlokas

A. Vrishasena fight with Nakula. Arjuna kills Vrishasena. Karna enraged advances against Arjuna.

B. All beings take sides of either Karna or Arjuna. Brahma and Shiva predicts the victory of Arjuna. Ashwatthama's plea to Duryodhana to stop the battle.

C. The start of the battle. Karna gains early advantage. Both Bhima and Krishna criticize Arjuna.

D. Arjuna routs the Kaurava army around Karna, forcing them to flee.

E. Karna fixing the snake arrow and Shalya criticizing his bad aim. The arrow destroys the diadem that Arjuna wore.

F. Arjuna slaying Ashwasena on Krishna's instructions.

G. The fight continues with Both Karna and Arjuna wounding each other.

H. Arjuna severely wounds Karna and destroys his earrings, armour and crown.

I. Curses start to manifest. Karna's chariot starts to whirl around and his weapons no longer appeared.

J. Karna laments about Dharma. Arjuna's arrows dislogue Karna's horses and chariot. Karna censures Dharma repeatedly.

K. Krishna says that it's fortunate that Karna is now remembering Dharma, asking him where his Dharma was when Draupadi was brought to the sabha.

L. Arjuna strikes down Karna's standard.

M. Arjuna takes the Anjalika arrow for Karna's death and fires it.

N. Karna is beheaded. Kaurava army flees away.

Sections in Anustubh shlokas

A. Karna and Arjuna face each other and both armies cheer them on.

B. Shalya promises to kill Arjuna and Krishna if karna is slain. Krishna promises to slay Karna if Arjuna is killed.

C. Krishna pressing down the chariot wheel to save Arjuna from the snake arrow.

D. Karna gaining advantage over Arjuna towards the end, repelling all his weapons and even cutting his bowstring.

E. Arjuna taking up Raudrastra and Karna's chariot wheel getting stuck in the ground.

F. Karna's plea asking Arjuna to wait till he picks out the chariot wheel.

G. Krishna questioning karna about deceiving Yudhishtira in dice game and Duhshasana opressing Draupadi.

H. Further fight between Karna and Arjuna using Brahmastra, Agneya, Varuna and Vayavya.

I. Further descriptions of Karna's death.

One interesting detail that can be noticed here is that the Tristubh shlokas alone tell a complete story of the battle. This do make me wonder that it's likely that originally the entire fight was composed in Tristubh only with the Anustubh shlokas being a later addition.

Who was the greater warrior, Karna or Arjuna, according to original phrases from the Mahabharata?

 Karna and Arjuna both were the most superior warriors of their age. Let's analyze their performances throughout life

Arjuna in Drona's gurukul was regarded as the only Atiratha. He was said to be skilled in the use of all weapons. There is no such mention of Karna in Drona's gurukul except that he was a student there. Drona denied Karna the Brahmastra and Karna left to learn from Parshurama. Fast forward many years. Rangbhoomi contest. Arjuna performs great archery feats and displays his celestial weapons. Karna barges in and performs the same feats with much more dexterity, skill and ease. Karna had just outclassed Arjuna here.

But this was the turning point of Arjuna's life. He realised that there still are better warriors and archers than him and if he really wants to become the best infallible archer, he has to come out of Drona's realm. While Karna relaxed himself with all the weapons obtained from Parshurama, Arjuna started to exert himself and pleased various Gods. Being Indra's son he also gained an advantage in learning those weapons. He pleaded Agni, Varuna, Yama, Rudra, Indra, the Gandharvas and many other celestials and obtained all possible weapons from them including Varuna's noose, Yama's mace and Kubera's Antardhana. But merely gaining weapons doesn't give u an upper hand. He obtained experience by fighting aquatic and monstrous demons and vanquished them. He fought with Gandharvas and other beings to increase his arsenal of weapons and experience. Karna too, carried out Digvijaya and defeated all the kings, including the mighty Jarasandha and Bhagadatta which was an extraordinary feat. But they were mere mortals. In the Ghosha Yatra, Karna's inability to counter the Gandharva illusions of Chitrasena showed how Arjuna has started gaining the upper hand over Karna. Yes, Karna vanquished Ghatotkacha's illusionary Yatudhanas and Paulomas but they were nothing compared to Nivatakavachas and Kalkeyas. Karna was an exceptionally good warrior , but Arjuna has started increasing his level exponentially.

Karna was outclassed in the Virata war. There too, his vulnerability and Arjuna's superiority has started showcasing itself. His natural armour was taken away in exchange for an infallible dart Vasava Shakti. In the Kurukshetra war, Karna entered at the 11th day. Till then, Arjuna had acclimatized to the conditions and settled himself well. Karna started showcasing his superior prowess when on the 12th day he repelled a group attack by Arjuna, Bhima and Satyaki. But on the 13th day, he was vanquished by Abhimanyu not just once but 7 times. He did manage to cut of his bow and shield but then too, his losses were seen. His lack of concentration owing to his stopping his learning process and improvement of skills was clear. Abhimanyu was no match for Karna even at this stage. But simply being overpowered by Abhimanyu was certainly a blotch on Karna's military career. Karna lost to Bhima and Satyaki on the 14th day. He did manage to humiliate Bhima on that day, but before that he was defeated by Bhima. We can give him the benefit of doubt for fighting mildly. Whereas Arjuna had shown what destruction he was truly capable of on the 14th day when he literally crossed 3 arrays created by Drona, which included all the main Kaurava warriors, defeated them badly and achieved his goal of killing Jayadratha while Karna was rendered helpless.

A different Karna was seen from the 14th night when he started routing the Pandava and Panchala army and Lord Krishna had to send Ghatotkacha especially to stop him. Lord Krishna was clear that no one could have countered Karna in that night battle. Only he could stand in front of the Rakshasa. Karna with ease dispelled all the illusions of Ghatotkacha but was unable to kill him easily with his celestial weapons. Here again, a lack of more infallible weapons than Arjuna was seen when as a last resort he has to use the Vasava Shakti to kill Ghatotkacha.

When made Supreme Commander a more fierce Karna was seen when no one from the Pandava army could even stand in front of him. He also used his divine bow Vijaya for the first time on the day of his death. He routed everyone, repelled huge group attacks which included Arjuna, humiliated 4 Pandava brothers, used the deadly Bhargavastra and made Arjuna sweat in the last battle. He had won every heart with that performance. But his lack of patience, confidence and perseverance was seen in the last battle when he got tired and started to get overpowered by Arjuna later. He gave his best till his last breath and fought like the valiant Kshatriya he was. He was killed by the best warrior of his age after a brutal and extraordinary performance.

Arjuna excelled Karna in these skills. His concentration, experience, strategy, patience, perseverance helped him prevail over Karna. Both were extremely skilled archers but Arjuna never stopped learning even after his PhD whereas Karna remained content with graduation. This made the ultimate difference. Today, both warriors are remembered equally well and respected. But Arjuna is remembered as an ideal student. IIM Kozhikode has a statue of Arjuna to motivate its students to be a student like Arjuna.

Both gave us different lessons in life. While Karna taught never give up to circumstances, Arjuna taught to never be contented with ur progress and always aim to make ourselves better.

Considering all these points Arjuna was superior to Karna but Karna wasn't far behind.

Why was Arjuna jealous of Ekalavya and destroyed his life?

 Let us look at the difference (in skill and natural talent) between Ekalavya and Arjuna which reveals why Arjuna was extremely jealous of Ekalavya.

Arjuna received basic as well as advanced lessons of archery from Kripacharya. Upto the level of four advanced methods of archery. Pandu being an exceptional archer obviously would've taught him earlier.

He then taught Kripa the four branches of the science of arms, and various other branches of knowledge, including all their mysteries and recondite details. In a short time Kripa became an eminent professor of the science (of arms). And the hundred sons of Dhritarashtra, and the Pandavas along with the Yadavas, and the Vrishnis, and many other princes from various lands, began to receive lessons from him in that science.'"

Drona’s school focused on specialisations and advanced techniques like Vyuh knowledge, fighting with multiple persons and so on.

Arjun became a seasoned veteran warrior under Drona's guidance. His excellence as well as years worth of training is evident from the following verses.

'Thereafter Drona began to teach Arjuna the art of fighting on horse-back, on the back of elephants, on car, and on the ground. And the mighty Drona also instructed Arjuna in fighting with the mace, the sword, the lance, the spear, and the dart. And he also instructed him in using many weapons and fighting with many men at the same time.

And hearing reports of his skill, kings and princes, desirous of learning the science of arms, flocked to Drona by thousands. Amongst those that came there, O monarch, was a prince named Ekalavya, who was the son of Hiranyadhanus, king of the Nishadas (the lowest of the mixed orders).

Arjuna's skills enhanced his fame throughout the land and hearing about it princes from other lands came to Drona's schools to be as skilled as Arjun himself.. One amongst those was the Tribal prince named Ekalavya. But Drona rejected him due to some reasons..

So he left and created a statue of Drona and began practising archery by himself Without any aid or guidance. Let us look at Ekalavya’s skill at this point of time.

The Nishada prince, touching Drona's feet with bent head, wended his way into the forest, and there he made a clay-image of Drona, and began to worship it respectfully, as if it was his real preceptor, and practised weapons before it with the most rigid regularity. In consequence of his exceptional reverence for his preceptor and his devotion to his purpose, all the three processes of fixing arrows on the bowstring, aiming, and letting off became very easy for him.

It's said that due to his determination, fixing arrows, aiming and releasing became so easy for him. These are the very basics of archery and he wasn't even proficient in those.

The starting gap between Arjuna and Ekalavya is Humongous. Arjuna has years of training and experience, proficient in 4 types of archery, possessed all celestial weapons barring Brahamstra and a seasoned warrior skilled in fighting with multiple warriors and in multiple weapons too, a veteran warrior. On the other hand, Ekalavya wasn't even a noob archer at this point.

Few months or years later…

Pandas went for hunting with their Dog and it strayed and encountered the tribal prince there. Upon seeing his filthy form, it began to bark loud at him. Just by tracking it's sound(sonic archery aka sabda ved), Ekalavya sent 7 arrows to its mouth sealing it shut without killing the dog.

It dashed back to pandas and upon seeing the handicraft of the marksman who did it pandas including Arjuna were amazed as well as ashamed realising their inability to perform such a feat.

The dog, thus pierced with seven arrows, came back to the Pandavas. Those heroes, who beheld that sight, were filled with wonder, and, ashamed of their own skill, began to praise the lightness of hand and precision of aim by auricular precision (exhibited by the unknown archer).

They met him and got the details and went back to Drona's school. Arjun however became incredibly jealous of him and saw Drona in Private.

He said ekalavya was far superior to himself and began to cry about it remembering Drona's promise to him that Arjuan woudl be his best student..

'The Pandavas then, having made themselves acquainted with everything connected with him, returned (to the city), and going unto Drona, told him of that wonderful feat of archery which they had witnessed in the woods. Arjuna, in particular, thinking all the while, O king, Ekalavya, saw Drona in private and relying upon his preceptor's affection for him, said, 'Thou hadst lovingly told me, clasping me, to thy bosom, that no pupil of thine should be equal to me. Why then is there a pupil of thine, the mighty son of the Nishada king, superior to me?"

Drona saw no other option but to permanently impair his skills, and therefore asked his thumb.

'On hearing these words, Drona reflected for a moment, and resolving upon the course of action he should follow, took Arjuna with him and went unto the Nishada prince. And he beheld Ekalavya with body besmeared with filth, matted locks (on head), clad in rags, bearing a bow in hand and ceaselessly shooting arrows therefrom.

And when Ekalavya saw Drona approaching towards him, he went a few steps forward, and touched his feet and prostrated himself on the ground. And the son of the Nishada king worshipping Drona, duly represented himself as his pupil, and clasping his hands in reverence stood before him (awaiting his commands). Then Drona, O king, addressed Ekalavya, saying, 'If, O hero, thou art really my pupil, give me then my fees.' On hearing these words, Ekalavya was very much gratified, and said in reply, 'O illustrious preceptor, what shall I give? Command me; for there is nothing, O foremost of all persons conversant with the Vedas, that I may not give unto my preceptor.' Drona answered, 'O Ekalavya, if thou art really intent on making me a gift, I should like then to have the thumb of thy right hand.'

The reason for Arjuna's jealousy and Drona seeking the thumb are exactly the same, Arjuna was no match to Ekalavya.

And the gap was not even close. A professional warrior was easily outclassed by a tribal nobody in a matter of few months or years. Such tremendous rate of growth as an archer made him a huge threat to Arjuna's stature.. Had he continued to improve Arjuna woudl've been left in the dust. Arjuna knew it. So did Drona. Therefore Arjuan was happy on seeing Ekalavya deprived of thumb and his jealousy left him knowing that without a thumb he would never be as good as himself.

'Hearing these cruel words of Drona, who had asked of him his thumb as tuition-fee, Ekalavya, ever devoted to truth and desirous also of keeping his promise, with a cheerful face and an unafflicted heart cut off without ado his thumb, and gave it unto Drona.

After this, when the Nishada prince began once more to shoot with the help of his remaining fingers, he found, O king, that he had lost his former lightness of hand. And at this Arjuna became happy, the fever (of jealousy) having left him.

Arjuna cannot surpass or even come close to Ekalavya no matter the amount of practise he undergoes or advanced techniques he learnt, Ekalavya was simply built different. If the case were otherwise Arjuna woudl've focused on improving his skills instead of whining to Drona. And Drona would've focused on training him harder instead of asking for Ekalavya's thumb. The fact is clear from the text..

If Arjuna had entered the Chakravyuh instead of Abhimanyu, what would he have done differently to escape and/or avoid the combined assault of all Kaurava warriors?

 Chakravyuh is a brilliant military tactical approach that only few warriors such as Drona, Krishna and Arjun knew to breach and break it. It involved large army formation in multiple layers requiring highest surviving skills to prevail. The warrior entering the layer must ensure he creates gap as wide as possible so that other soldiers doesn’t fill the gap. The warrior entering Chakravuyh must be able to create as much as panic as possible before he reached the inner most circle where experienced warriors stay. This requires great skills to breach the layers and break the Chakravuyh.

On 13th Day, Dronacharya formed the Chakravuyh to capture Yudhistir and end the war. Since Arjun was not present at this moment, Abhimanyu entered Chakravuyh and got killed. He knew how to enter the Chakravuyh but couldn’t know how to come out of this. Though was able to breach the layers and reach innermost circle, the onslaught from Kauravas warriors were highly demanding and he was unable to break it. Besides, the 4 pandavas were successfully stopped by Jayadratha from supporting Abhimanyu, he had a supreme power from Lord Shiva to defeat any warrior expect Arjun for one day.

Let’s assume, Arjun, the great archer along with Krishna, the great strategist had entered the Chakravuyh, perhaps the battle would have been completed that day. Even Jayadratha who stopped 4 pandavas with blessing from Shiva couldn’t have stopped Arjun. Jayadratha had blessing from Shiva on any one day he will win any warrior expect Arjun. Arjun knew how to enter and break the Chakravyuh. Arjun had divya astras than any warriors giving him enough fire power to overcome the Kaurava Warriors. With Krishna as his Charioteer, he must received all the advises causing massive destruction to Kauravas. Since Chakravuyh utilized large number of resources to be formed, it would presented a opportunity for Arjun and Krishna to exploit entire Kaurava armies.

Dronacharya knew Arjun very well can break the Chakravuyh hence planned Chakravuyh in a way that Arjun and Krishna would not be able to participate and kept both of them away from the battle to annihilate Pandavas and leveraged the one time supreme power of Jayadratha to win the day for Kauravas. Had Arjun entered Chakravuyh with Krishna, day would have seen different outcome with possibility of many Kauravas Warriors perishing that day.

Nevertheless, the outcome was turning point in the war since Abhimanyu’s death angered Pandavas and they used treacherous ways to kill key Kauravas such as Drona, Karna and Duryodhan.