Sixteen women have served as the chief minister of an Indian state. Currently, one is in office — Mamata Banerjee of West Bengal. Of the thirteen states to have been headed by a female chief minister, only three—Delhi, Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh—have had two woman chief ministers. Five of the woman chief ministers belonged to the Indian National Congress, four to the Bharatiya Janata Party and two to the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam.
In the Republic of India, a chief minister is the head of government of each of twenty-nine states and two union territories (Delhi and Puducherry). According to the Constitution of India, at the state-level, the governor is de jure head, but de facto executive authority rests with the chief minister. Following elections to the state legislative assembly, the governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the government. The governor appoints the chief minister, whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly. Given he has the confidence of the assembly, the chief minister's term is for five years; the office is subject to no term limits.
Chronological list of female Indian chief ministers
- incumbent chief minister
1 | Sucheta Kriplani | | Uttar Pradesh | 2 October 1963 – 13 March 1967 | 1258 | Indian National Congress | |
2 | Nandini Satpathy | | Odisha | 14 June 1972 – 3 March 1973
6 March 1974 – 16 December 1976 | 1278 | Indian National Congress | |
3 | Shashikala Kakodkar | | Goa | 12 August 1973 – 27 April 1979 | 2084 | Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party | |
4 | Anwara Taimur | – | Assam | 6 December 1980 – 30 June 1981 | 206 | Indian National Congress | |
5 | Janaki Ramachandran | | Tamil Nadu | 7 January 1988 – 30 January 1988 | 23 | All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | |
6 | Jayalalithaa | | Tamil Nadu | 24 June 1991 – 12 May 1996
14 May 2001 – 21 September 2001
2 March 2002 – 12 May 2006
16 May 2011 – 27 September 2014
23 May 2015 – 5 December 2016 | 5238 | All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | |
7 | Mayawati | | Uttar Pradesh | 13 June 1995 – 18 October 1995
21 March 1997 – 21 September 1997
3 May 2002 – 29 August 2003
13 May 2007 – 15 March 2012 | 2562 | Bahujan Samaj Party | |
8 | Rajinder Kaur Bhattal | | Punjab | 21 November 1996 – 12 February 1997 | 83 | Indian National Congress | |
9 | Rabri Devi | | Bihar | 25 July 1997 – 11 February 1999
9 March 1999 – 2 March 2000
11 March 2000 – 6 March 2005 | 2746 | Rashtriya Janata Dal | |
10 | Sushma Swaraj | | Delhi | 12 October 1998 – 3 December 1998 | 52 | Bharatiya Janata Party | |
11 | Sheila Dikshit | | Delhi | 3 December 1998 – 28 December 2013 | 5504 | Indian National Congress | |
12 | Uma Bharti | | Madhya Pradesh | 8 December 2003 – 23 August 2004 | 259 | Bharatiya Janata Party | |
13 | Vasundhara Raje | | Rajasthan | 8 December 2003 – 18 December 2008
8 December 2013 – 17 December 2018 | 3847 | Bharatiya Janata Party | |
14 | Mamata Banerjee * | | West Bengal | 20 May 2011 – present | 2948 | All India Trinamool Congress | |
15 | Anandiben Patel | | Gujarat | 22 May 2014 – 7 August 2016 | 808 | Bharatiya Janata Party | |
16 | Mehbooba Mufti | | Jammu & Kashmir | 4 April 2016 – 20 June 2018 | 807 | Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party |