I haven’t made a survey of the best Kali Maa temples all around India, but the best ones I personally have been to are:
- Kalimath Temple, said to be the place where Kali slew the great demon Raktabija by ripping him open and drinking his blood to the last drop. I found that Kali Maa’s presence was very lively there. My mother saw it in a vision as a bright red light from far away. I personally know the head priest there, Sanjay Bat; he is really an excellent priest of Kali Maa, and performs excellent pujas.
- Amritapuri Kali Temple. This is really a great temple, containing a perfect replica of the famous Dakshineshwar Kali Murti that Ramakrishna Paramahansa worshipped. It’s an excellent place for meditation. This temple has elaborate Pujas for Navaratri, and serves amazing Prasad dinners to all comers. I had one of my most exquisite spiritual experiences of my life while meditating in this temple.
- Maya Devi Temple in Haridwar. While not strictly a Kali Maa temple primarily, Kali is worshipped there among all the Dasha Mahavidya Goddesses. Another excellent place for meditation or do perform your own Kali Puja. It is a powerful Shakti Peeth.
I have also been to some excellent Kali Maa temples in Nepal, but the question specified India. However I must give at least an honorable mention to the Dakshin Kali Temple in the forest outside Pharping, Nepal; it is really a potent and intense temple.