Between 1503 and 1660, an estimated 185,000 kilograms of gold and 17 million kilograms of silver came to Spain from America.
According to the US Geological Survey, Peru mined 120,000 kilograms of gold in just one year (2020). Regarding silver, Mexico mined 5.6 million kilograms in 2020. Imagine how much gold and silver the Latin American republics have produced since their independence in the early 19th century.
In addition to the existing gold that was extracted (or stolen , if you prefer), the mining methods used by the Spanish were limited and rudimentary. This has nothing to do with today's brutal gold mining methods.
Spain has historically been home to significant gold deposits, which were exploited to the point of exhaustion or becoming unusable. The most famous of these is Las Médulas in the El Bierzo region, where open-pit mining during the Roman Empire left behind a unique landscape that is now a tourist attraction.
And currently we are not complaining about the gold that the Romans mined…
Las Medulas - A landscape completely transformed by Roman gold mining - circa 20 BC.