How many Indian batsmen have scored double centuries in Australia?

 Only three Indian has done so far in Australia

Ravi Shastri scored 206 in Sydney which was a draw. This was the only test which India managed to draw in 91–92 series which they lost 4–0. This was also the debut match of Shane Warne. Sachin also scored 148* in this match

Rahul Dravid scored 233 in Adelaide in 2003 and India won this test by 4 wickets. This is the only double century by an Indian in Australia which resulted in a test win, Dravid followed this double century with a half century in the fourth inning to win the test for India.

Sachin Tendulkar scored 241* in Sydney in 2003–04 series and the match ended with a draw. In his biography Sachin mentioned that his brother gave him a challenge of remaining not out in this match which he did by scoring 241* and 60* in the match. The match ended with a draw.

Viru came close to a double ton when he scored 195 in Melbourne in 2003 series. Pujara scored 193 in Sydney in 2018–19 series.

What would happen if Earth were twice its current size?

 If the Earth were twice as big, there would be consequences especially regarding the force of gravity!

In fact, if the Earth had double its current radius, this would mean 8 times the volume and mass, but it would also mean double the gravitational force.

We would then be twice as heavy, because the gravitational force increases as the density and radius of the planet increase.

The mountains would be lower and flatter, and if you fell into the void, you would accelerate faster and hit the ground harder!

There would be more "stocky" life forms, with thicker bones, to be able to survive with this greater gravitational force.

The atmospheric pressure would increase.

And sending probes, rockets and satellites into space would be prohibitively expensive!

Air travel would probably also be significantly more difficult and more expensive!

The oceans would be even deeper and the moon would be closer, causing enormous ocean tides.

The core and liquid mantle would also be much larger, causing increased pressure and heat beneath the Earth's surface.

Why are double decker buses not seen to be running at present in Bangalore?

 We did have double decker buses in the nineteen seventies to the nineteen nineties.

This was how they used to look.

That was before all these flyovers were built in the city.

These double decker buses could not pass under the fly overs with enough safe clearance.

The railway overbridge in Okalipuram area near the City Railway station, prevented the Rajajinagar area from having a double decker bus facility. Road clearance was not enough. So only Jayanagar and Gandhi Bazaar area enjoyed this double decker bus facility.

Then as traffic increased the drivers found it difficult to maneuver and take U Turns.

There was also a ghastly accident in Gandhi Bazaar near Ramakrishna Square when a double decker bus overturned.

The buses were also expensive to maintain, and the ridership was low. It was wasteful using them without a full load of passengers on both upper and lower decks.

I presume that was the reason for giving them up.

But on routes where they need not pass under flyovers or road crossings, they can still be used and the city is thinking of reintroducing them on some routes.

The new double decker buses are likely to be electric.

I wish the project success. I liked traveling in them and would always go to the upper deck even if there was space in the lower deck, during my younger days when I had no two-wheeler of my own.

"ಡಬಲ್ ಮಳೆಬಿಲ್ಲು" ಹೇಗೆ ರೂಪುಗೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತದೆ?

 ಈ ಕೆಳಗಿನ ಚಿತ್ರಣವನ್ನು ಒಮ್ಮೆ ಗಮನಿಸಿ:

(ಚಿತ್ರಗಳಿಂದ ಹಲವಾರು ಕೊನಗಳನ್ನೋಳಗೊಂಡ ವಿಶ್ಲೇಷಣೆಗಳನ್ನು ಸುಲಭದಲ್ಲಿ ತೋರಿಸಬಹುದು)

ಈ ಮೇಲಿನ ಚಿತ್ರ ಸರಿಯಾಗಿ ಅರ್ಥ ಮಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳಲು, ಬೆಳಕಿನ ಎರಡು ಗುಣಲಕ್ಷಣಗಳನ್ನು ತಿಳಿಯುವ ಅಗತ್ಯತೆಯಿದೆ. ಇವುಗಳನ್ನು ಚಿತ್ರಣ ಹಾಗೂ ಜಿಫ್-ಗಳ ಸಹಾಯದಿಂದ ತಿಳಿಯುವ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನ ಮಾಡೋಣ.

೧. ಮೊದಲಿಗೆ ಬೆಳಕಿನ ಪ್ರಸರಣ (dispersion of light):

ಈ ಮೇಲಿನ ಜಿಫ್ ಬೆಳಕಿನ ಪ್ರಸರಣವನ್ನು ತೋರಿಸುತ್ತಿದೆ. ಇದಕ್ಕೆ ಕಾರಣ ಬೆಳಕಿನ ಒಂದೊಂದು ತರಂಗಗಳು, ಒಂದೊಂದು ವೇಗದಲ್ಲಿ ಚಲಿಸುವಿಕೆ. ಇಲ್ಲಿ ವೇಗ ಹಾಗೂ ವಕ್ರೀಭವನಕ್ಕು ಇರುವ ಸಂಭದ, ಅತೀ ಕಡಿಮೆ ಹಾದಿಯ ಹಿಡಿಯುವ ಲಕ್ಷಣ.

೨. ಮತ್ತು ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣ ಆಂತರಿಕ ಪ್ರತಿಫಲನ (total internal reflection):

ಈ ಮೇಲಿನ ಚಿತ್ರದಲ್ಲಿ , ಬೆಳಕಿನ ಕೊನ ಹೆಚ್ಚಿದಂತೆ (ಎಡದಿಂದ ಬಲಕ್ಕೆ), ಅದರ ಪ್ರತಿಫಲನದ ಅಂಶ ಕೂಡ ಹೆಚ್ಚುತ್ತಾ ಹೋಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಹಾಗೂ ಬೆಳಕಿನ ಕೋನ ಹೆಚ್ಚಿದಂತೆ, ಅದರ ವಕ್ರೀಭವನದ ಅಂಶ ಕಡಿಮೆಯಾಗುತ್ತಾ ಹೋಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಈ ಕೋನದ ಒಂದು ಮಿತಿ ಮೀರಿದ ನಂತರ, ಬೆಳಕಿನ ವಕ್ರಿಬವನ ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣ ಸ್ತಗಿತಗೊಂಡು, ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣ ಆಂತರಿಕ ಪ್ರತಿಫಲನಕ್ಕೆ ದಾರಿ ಮಾಡಿ ಕೊಡುತ್ತದೆ.

ಮೇಲಿನ ಅನಿಮೇಶನ್ ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣ ಆಂತರಿಕ ಪ್ರತಿಫಲನವನ್ನು ತೋರಿಸುತ್ತಿದೆ.

ಫಲಿತಾಂಶ:

ಈ ಎರಡೂ ಗುಣಗಳನ್ನು ಸೇರಿಸಿ, ಮಳೆ ಬಿಲ್ಲಿನ ಕಾರಣವನ್ನು ತಿಳಿಯ ಬಹುದು. ಈಗ ಈ ಸಲ್ಲಿಕೆಯ ಮೊಟ್ಟ ಮೊದಲ ಚಿತ್ರಣ ಮತ್ತೊಮ್ಮೆ ನೋಡಿ. ಒಂದು ಬಾರಿ ಬೆಳಕಿನ ಪ್ರಸರಣ ಬಳಿಕ ಒಂದು ಬಾರಿ ಬೆಳಕಿನ ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣ ಆಂತರಿಕ ಪ್ರತಿಫಲನವನ್ನು ಗಮನಿಸಿ. ಇದು ನಮಗೆ ಒಂದು ಮಳೆ ಬಿಲ್ಲಿನ ವಿಶ್ಲೇಷಣೆ ಕೊಡುತ್ತದೆ.

ಇಲ್ಲಿಗೆ ನಮ್ಮ ಅರ್ಧದಷ್ಟು ವಿವರಣೆ ಮುಗಿದಿದೆ. ಈಗ ನಮಗೆ ತಿಳಿಯ ಬೇಕಾದ ಅಂಶ ಎರಡನೇ ಮಳೆ ಬಿಲ್ಲಿನ ಕಾರಣಗಳು.

ಎರಡನೇ ಮಳೆ ಬಿಲ್ಲಿನ ವಿಶ್ಲೇಷಣೆ:

ಎರಡನೇ ಮಳೆ ಬಿಲ್ಲು ಸ್ವಲ್ಪ ಬೇರೆಯ ಕೋನದಲ್ಲಿ ಬೆಳಕಿನ ಪ್ರಸರಣದಿಂದ ಮೂಡಿ ಬರುತ್ತದೆ ಅಷ್ಟೇ. ಇದನ್ನು ಕೆಳಗಿನ ಚಿತ್ರಣದಿಂದ ದೃಢೀಕರಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳಬಹುದು. ಒಂದು ಬಾರಿ ಬೆಳಕಿನ ಪ್ರಸರಣ ಹಾಗೂ ಎರಡು ಬಾರಿ ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣ ಆಂತರಿಕ ಪ್ರತಿಫಲನ ಇಲ್ಲಿ ಕಾಣಬಹುದು.

ಈ ಮೇಲಿನ ಚಿತ್ರದಲ್ಲಿ ಹೆಚ್ಚು ವಿವರಗಳ ಇರುವಿಕೆಯಿಂದ ಓದುಗರಿಗೆ ಗೊಂದಲವುಂಟಾದಲ್ಲಿ , ಕೆಳಗಿನ ಚಿತ್ರಗಳು ಬಿಡಿ ಬಿಡಿಯಾಗಿ ತೋರಿಸಲಿದೆ.