Showing posts with label Parvati. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Parvati. Show all posts

Saturday, November 29, 2025

Is Goddess Mahalakshmi (AmbaBai) of Kolhapur a form of Parvati or Lakshmi?

 There is a controversy about the exact position of Kolhapur Mahalaxmi in the Hindu pantheon. According Vaishnava belief, she is Laxmi while according to Shakta beliefs, she is Parvati.

Idol of Kolhapur Mahalaxmi


To find out if the deity in a temple being worshipped is the fickle goddess of fortune or the awe-inspiring goddess of power, all one has to do is to check what is the sacred animal associated with the goddess, usually placed in front of the sanctum.

Kolhapur Mahalaxmi

If it is elephant, then the deity is Lakshmi; if it is the lion, the deity is Durga.

At the Kolhapur Mahalakshmi temple, it is the lion (as it is in Mumbai’s Mahalakshmi temple incidentally), firmly establishing her as the goddess of power and war and royalty.

  • In two Kannada inscriptions from Shirur (Bijapur District) dated 1049 A.D and 1064 A.D. respectively, Rajavarma and Marasingha are said to have been the devotees of Mahalaxmi & in those inscriptions it is mentioned that Mahalaxmi of Kolhapur is the wife Shiva, whose vehicle is Simha.
  • An inscription from the Mahalaksmi temple, which is dated 1218 A.D. informs us that the image of Mahalaksmi had a linga over its head and a porch resembling the mountain Himalaya was erected in front of her temple.

Caitanya, the greatest Vaisnava saint of Bengal visited this place in 1510. Vadirajatirtha of the Uttaradi Madhva Matha also visited Kolhapur in the latter half of the 16th century.

But these two saints addressed the goddess as Laksmi and Rama respectively, meaning the wife of lord Vishnu.


Vadirajatirtha and other followers of the Vaisnava sect believe that Mahalaksmi is identical with Laksmi, the wife of lord Visnu.

While three inscriptions mentioned above tend to show that she is the wife of lord Shiva.

The linga on her head and the lion vehicle substantiate their belief.

There are still others who find in her the characteristics of both Laksmi and Parvati.

The Saktas would give her an independant position and would include Kolhapur in the list of saktipithas.

Lakshmi or Durga? Consort of Vishnu or Shiva, or independent? Practical ‘living’ Hinduism defies all theoretical boundaries.

I am inclined to include her in the Saiva fold, but not without difficulties. In the same way a controversy has arisen about the age of the image. Inscriptional descriptions differ from the textual ones which themselves differ from the sculptural description of the image and it has become very difficult to come to any correct conclusion.

Friday, October 31, 2025

Is Goddess Mahalakshmi (AmbaBai) of Kolhapur a form of Parvati or Lakshmi?

 As we know that holy book durga saptashati,markhandeya Puran , shrimad devi bhagavad gita in this book it is written that karvirnivasini ambabai is shaktipeeth .so karvirnivasini ambabai is called as mata parvati

Shaktipeeth means that were the mata sati's body parts are fallen

But all says it is shaktipeeth but then also she is called as vishnupatni goddess lakshmi

But I have proof that she is goddess adishakti parvati by seeing her idol

And there is proof that she is not lakshmi she is parvati by seeing goddess ambabai pratima that vahan is lion not a owl and on her head there shiv ling which indicates mahadev

So then also half of them say that in durga saptashati says that she is lakshmi .

But that is wrong in durga saptashati, it is written that she is mahalaksmhi not a vishnupatni goddess lakshmi .

Mahalaksmhi is a parvati and it is indirectly written in the sloke and she is also called mulchandika and mahisasur mardini

And first of all naryani means that sister of vishnu not vishnupthem

By then also half of them say she is vishnupatni goddess lakshmi because shalu is coming from tirupati balaji at navratri

But this is also wrong she is sister of vishnu so in all navratri shalu is come in navratri

And in navratri jag janani goddess adishakti parvati’s avtar pooja is done

Jai mata di🙏đŸŧ🙏đŸŧ🙏đŸŧ

Monday, May 5, 2025

To which goddess does Sri Chakra belong? Is it Sridevi Mahalakshmi (Vishnupatni) or Lalita Tripurasundari (Shivpatni)?

 The AdhiášŖáš­hātrÄĢ DevÄĢ of ŚrÄĢ Cakra is DevÄĢ Mahālakşmi. She is Kāmeśvara MaheśvarÄĢ, Supreme Consort of Kāmeśvara Śiva. She is the empress of MaṇidvÄĢpa. She is Mahātripurā SundarÄĢ Lalitā.

The Brahmāṇḍa Mahāpurāṇa, which sings the glory of Parāśakti Lalitā, clearly states that ŚrÄĢ Cakra is her Yantra.

ā¤Žā¤¨्⤤्⤰ं ā¤ļ्⤰ीā¤šā¤•्⤰⤗ेā¤ĩा⤏्⤝ाः ⤏े⤝ं ā¤šि ⤤्⤰िā¤Ēु⤰ांā¤Ŧि⤕ा ।
⤏ै⤎ैā¤ĩ ā¤šि ā¤Žā¤šा⤞⤕्⤎्ā¤Žीः ⤏्ā¤Ģु⤰⤚्⤚ैā¤ĩा⤤्ā¤Žā¤¨ः ā¤Ēु⤰ा ॥ āĨŠ ॥

3. ÅšrÄĢ Cakra alone is her Mantra (Yantra). She is Tripurāmbikā and she is MahālakášŖmÄĢ herself. Formerly, the Cakra was seen coming out of Ātman throbbing and sparkling.

~ Brahmāṇḍa Mahāpurāṇa, Upasaṃhārapāda, Lalitopākhyāna, Chapter 41

⤤्⤰िā¤Žू⤰्⤤ि⤜⤍⤍ीā¤Žंā¤Ŧां ā¤Ļृ⤎्⤟्ā¤ĩा ā¤ļ्⤰ीā¤šā¤•्⤰⤰ूā¤Ēि⤪ीā¤Ž् ।

119. She who is the mother of the TrimÅĢrtis (Brahmā, ViášŖáš‡u and Śiva) and who is present there in the form of ŚrÄĢcakra.

~ Brahmāṇḍa Mahāpurāṇa, Upasaṃhārapāda, Lalitopākhyāna, Chapter 40

⤕ाā¤Žा⤕्⤎्⤝ैā¤ĩ ā¤Žā¤šा⤞⤕्⤎्ā¤Žीā¤ļ्ā¤šā¤•्⤰ं ā¤ļ्⤰ीā¤šā¤•्ā¤°ā¤Žेā¤ĩ ā¤šि।

15. Kāmākşi alone is Mahālakşmi. The Cakra is Śricakra itself.

~ Brahmāṇḍa Mahāpurāṇa, Upasaṃhāra-pāda, Lalitopākhyāna, chapter 41

⤤⤏्⤝ा ā¤Žā¤¨्⤤्ā¤°ā¤Žि⤤ि ā¤Ē्⤰ो⤕्⤤ं ā¤ļ्⤰ीā¤šā¤•्⤰ं ā¤šā¤•्⤰ूā¤ˇā¤Ŗā¤Ž् ।
⤍ā¤ĩाā¤ĩā¤°ā¤Ŗā¤Žीā¤ļा⤍ी ā¤ļ्⤰ीā¤Ē⤰⤏्⤝ा⤧िā¤Ļैā¤ĩā¤¤ā¤Ž् ॥ āĨĒ ॥

4. Her Mantra also has been mentioned. So also the ŚrÄĢ Cakra which has nine outer coverings and the mystic circles as its ornaments. (You have mentioned that) ÄĒśānÄĢ is the presiding deity of ŚrÄĢpura.

~ Brahmāṇḍa Mahāpurāṇa, Upasaṃhārapāda, Lalitopākhyāna, Chapter 39

đŸĒˇ DevÄĢ Lalitā Tripurā Sundari đŸĒˇ (PC: saitharunvs)


Bhāvana UpaniášŖad depicts the human body as a ŚrÄĢ Yantrā (ŚrÄĢ Cakra), associating each body part with a specific Cakra and in the ŚrÄĢ Cakra, DevÄĢ Lalitā is the supreme divinity.

⤍ā¤ĩā¤ļ⤕्⤤ि⤰ूā¤Ēं ā¤ļ्⤰ीā¤šā¤•्ā¤°ā¤Ž् ।

It is the ŚrÄĢ Cakra in the guise of the nine wheels.

⤏ā¤Ļा⤍⤍्ā¤Ļā¤Ēू⤰्⤪ ⤏्ā¤ĩा⤤्ā¤Žेā¤ĩ ā¤Ē⤰ā¤Ļेā¤ĩ⤤ा ⤞⤞ि⤤ा ।

The supreme divinity, Lalita, is one’s own blissful Self.

~ Bhāvana UpaniášŖad, Atharva Veda


One of the Śākta Āgamas, the Vāmakeśvara Tantra, thoroughly explains the worship of the ŚrÄĢ Cakra. It enumerates the nine Āvaraṇas, lists the DevÄĢs in each Āvaraṇa (Āvaraṇa Devatās), the CakreśvarÄĢ of each Āvaraṇa, meditation on the Bindu of the Cakra, and other details concerning the ŚrÄĢ Cakra, Mudrās, and ŚrÄĢ Vidyā. And Vāmakeśvara Tantra says at the Bindu resides ŚrÄĢ Mahābhaᚭᚭārike Parāpara Rahasya YoginÄĢ Lalitāmbikā and she move within ŚrÄĢ Cakra.

⤤्ā¤ĩां ⤗ौ⤰ीं ⤤्⤰िā¤Ēु⤰ां ā¤Ē⤰ा⤤्ā¤Ē⤰⤕⤞ां ā¤ļ्⤰ीā¤šā¤•्ā¤°ā¤¸ā¤ž्⤚ा⤰ि⤪ीā¤Ž्

You are GaurÄĢ, Tripurā, the supreme transcendental energy, who moves within the ŚrÄĢ Cakra.

~ Vāmkeśvara Tantra


In the Tripurā Rahasya, DevÄĢ herself affirms that the Yantra representing her is the ŚrÄĢ Cakra.

ā¤ļ्⤰ीā¤ĩिā¤Ļ्⤝ो⤤्ā¤¯ā¤šā¤Žा⤖्⤝ा⤤ा ā¤ļ्⤰ीā¤Ēु⤰ं ā¤Žे ā¤Ēु⤰ं ⤭ā¤ĩे⤤्।
ā¤ļ्⤰ी ā¤šā¤•्⤰ं ā¤Žे ⤭ā¤ĩे⤚्ā¤šā¤•्⤰ं ā¤ļ्⤰ी⤕्ā¤°ā¤Žः ⤏्⤝ा⤍्ā¤Žā¤Žā¤Žā¤•्ā¤°ā¤Žः॥ āĨĒāĨŦ॥

46. Henceforth, I will be renowned as "ŚrÄĢ Vidyā." My city will be famously known as "ŚrÄĢpura". The Cakra related to me will be known as "ŚrÄĢ Cakra", and the Krama associated with me will be known as "ŚrÄĢ Krama".

~ Tripurā Rahasya, Māhātmya Khaṇḍa, Chapter 53

đŸĒˇ DevÄĢ Lalitā and Kāmeśvara Śiva surrounded by the Nithyā DevÄĢs đŸĒˇ(PC: swaroop_621)


While commenting on the name “ŚrÄĢ Cakra Rājanilayā”, ŚrÄĢ Bhāskararāya Makhin in his Lalitā Sahasranāma BhÄášŖya mentions that Śiva and DevÄĢ reside in ŚrÄĢ Cakra.

ā¤ļ्⤰ीā¤šā¤•्⤰⤰ा⤜ं ā¤Ŧि⤍्ā¤Ļु⤤्⤰ि⤕ो⤪ाā¤Ļि⤰ूā¤Ēं ⤍ि⤞⤝ो ā¤ĩा⤏⤏्ā¤Ĩा⤍ं ⤝⤏्⤝ाः। ⤤ā¤Ļु⤕्⤤ं'ā¤ļ्⤰ीā¤šā¤•्⤰ं ā¤ļिā¤ĩ⤝ो⤰्ā¤ĩā¤Ēु'⤰ि⤤ि। ā¤ļ⤰ी⤰े ⤝ā¤Ĩा ⤜ीā¤ĩ⤏्⤝ाā¤ĩ ⤏्ā¤Ĩा⤍ं ⤤ā¤Ĩा ā¤ļ्⤰ीā¤šā¤•्⤰े ā¤ļिā¤ĩ⤝ो⤰ि⤤ि ⤤ā¤Ļ⤰्ā¤Ĩः ।

ŚrÄĢ Cakra, consisting of Bindu, triangle, etc. It is said, "ŚrÄĢ Cakra is the body of Śiva and DevÄĢ." The meaning is just as the Jiva resides in the body so they reside in the ŚrÄĢ Cakra.

~ Saubhāgya Bhāskara (Commentry on Lalită Sahasranāma) by Bhāskararāya Makhin


The Stōtras praising BhagavatÄĢ also states that DevÄĢ Lalitā is ŚrÄĢ Cakra VāsinÄĢ.

ā¤ļ्⤰ीā¤šā¤•्⤰⤏्ā¤Ĩां ā¤ļाā¤ļ्ā¤ĩ⤤ैā¤ļ्ā¤ĩ⤰्⤝ā¤Ļा⤤्⤰ीं ā¤Ēौ⤪्ā¤Ą्⤰ं ⤚ाā¤Ēं ā¤Ēु⤎्ā¤Ēā¤Ŧा⤪ा⤍् ā¤Ļ⤧ा⤍ाā¤Ž् ।
ā¤Ŧ⤍्⤧ू⤕ा⤭ां ⤭ाā¤ĩ⤝ाā¤Žि ⤤्⤰ि⤍े⤤्⤰ां ⤤ाā¤Žā¤—्⤍िā¤ĩ⤰्⤪ां ⤤ā¤Ē⤏ा ⤜्ā¤ĩ⤞⤍्⤤ीā¤Ž् ॥ āĨŠāĨ¯ ॥

I bow to that DevÄĢ who shines with penance; who resides in ŚrÄĢ Cakra; who possess inperishable wealth and who bears sugarcane bow and flowry arrows and has three eyes of reddish hue.

~ ŚrÄĢ Ä€di Śaṅkarācārya Viracita TripurasundarÄĢ Vēda Pāda Stotram

ā¤ļ्⤰ीā¤ĩिā¤Ļ्⤝ां ā¤ļिā¤ĩā¤ĩाā¤Žā¤­ा⤗⤍ि⤞⤝ां ā¤š्⤰ी⤙्⤕ाā¤°ā¤Žā¤¨्⤤्⤰ो⤜्⤜्ā¤ĩ⤞ां ā¤ļ्⤰ीā¤šā¤•्⤰ा⤙्⤕ि⤤ā¤Ŧि⤍्ā¤Ļुā¤Žā¤§्⤝ā¤ĩ⤏⤤िं ā¤ļ्⤰ीā¤Žā¤¤्⤏⤭ा⤍ा⤝ि⤕ाā¤Ž् ।

DevÄĢ MÄĢnākášŖi, Who is ŚrÄĢ Vidhyā shining with the splendour of HrÄĢṅkāra mantras, where she is residing as the left-half of Śiva,
Within the bindu, at the center of the ŚrÄĢ Cakra; and presiding over the assembly of deities in the ŚrÄĢ Cakra.

~ ŚrÄĢ Ä€di Śaṅkarācārya Viracita MÄĢnākášŖi PaÃącaratnam

⤕ु⤪्ā¤Ąā¤˛ ⤤्⤰िā¤ĩि⤧⤕ो⤪ ā¤Žā¤Ŗ्ā¤Ąā¤˛ ā¤ĩिā¤šा⤰ ā¤ˇā¤Ą्ā¤Ļ⤞ ā¤¸ā¤Žु⤞्⤞⤏⤤्।

DevÄĢ Lalitā, Who shines in the six petals, surrounding the triangle in the middle of the (ŚrÄĢ Cakra)

~ ŚrÄĢ Ä€di Śaṅkarācārya Viracita Navaratna Mālikā

đŸĒˇ ŚrÄĢ Cakra Rāja đŸĒˇ (PC: Google)


Note: The Cakra or Yantrā of DevÄĢ LakášŖmÄĢ is the LakášŖmÄĢ Yantrā, which is also known as the ŚrÄĢ Yantrā since another name for DevÄĢ LakášŖmÄĢ is ŚrÄĢ. However, this does not make her the AdhiášŖáš­hātrÄĢ DevÄĢ of the ŚrÄĢ Cakra Rāja. DevÄĢ LakášŖmÄĢ resides in the LakášŖmÄĢ Yantrā, and the methods of worshipping her Yantrā, including the Āvaraṇa Devatās, Dhyāna, and Nyāsa, are entirely different. Thus, the LakášŖmÄĢ Yantrā and the ŚrÄĢ Yantrā are distinct from each other.

đŸĒˇÅšrÄĢmātrē Namaá¸ĨđŸĒˇ

Thursday, April 24, 2025

Who are Adishakti, Durga, Parvati, Lakshmi, and Saraswati? Are they all the same? Who is supreme?

 According to all the scriptures and Mahapuranas, which are talking about the glory of Adi Parashakti only, Devi Bhubaneswari or Mata Lalita Tripura Sundari is supreme. Her full incarnation is Maa Parvati. So, Maa Parvati is Maa AdiShakti Durga, she is supreme.

According to Mahapuranas dedicated to AdiShakti, Maa Lakshmi and Saraswati is partial expansion of Maa Bhubaneswari Durga.

In Brahmanda Mahapuran, Mata Tripura Sundari married Prabhu Mahakameswara Mahadeva.

In Devi Mahatyam, the yoganidra is Devi Mahakali and the killer of Mahisasura is Devi Bhadrakali.

Devi Kaushiki is also expansion of Maa Parvati, according to Devi Mahatyam.

In Devi Bhagavatam, Devi Bhubaneswari Bhagavati and Bhubaneswara Mahadeva are the Adi purush and Adi Shakti, creater of all. In chapter 12 of 12th book of Devi Bhagavatam, in sloka 5 to 10, we get,

Killer of Durgamasura is maa Parvati, according to Devi Bhagavatam, chapter 28 of book 5.

Shiva is father of Vishnu, according to Devi Bhagavatam, chapter 1 of book 7,

In Tripura Rahasyam, also Maa Lalita Tripura Sundari is Adi ParaShakti.

Also, in other Puranas on Devi Adishakti’s glory, like Kalika Puran, Devi Puran, Mahabhagvatam etc, Mata Tripura Sundari or Adya Kali o Maa Durga/Uma is supreme.

Saturday, January 25, 2025

ā˛ļಿā˛ĩ,ā˛Ēಾ➰್ā˛ĩ➤ಿ➝➰ ā˛Ēು➤್➰ಿ➝ಾ➗ಿā˛Ļ್ā˛Ļ➰ೂ ➅ā˛ļೋ➕➏ುಂā˛Ļ➰ಿ➝ು ➜➍ā˛Ē್➰ಿ➝➺ಾ➗➞ಿ➞್➞ ā˛ā˛•ೆ?

 

ā˛ļಿā˛ĩ➍ ā˛Žā˛—ā˛ŗು ➅ā˛ļೋ➕ ➏ುಂā˛Ļ➰ಿ➝ ➕ā˛Ĩೆ

ā˛Ēು➰ಾ➪➗➺ ā˛Ē್➰➕ಾ➰, ➒ಂā˛Ļು ā˛Ļಿ➍ ā˛ļಿā˛ĩ ā˛Žā˛¤್➤ು ā˛Ēಾ➰್ā˛ĩ➤ಿ ➕➞್ā˛Ēā˛ĩೃ➕್➎ ā˛Žಂā˛Ļು ➕➰ೆ➝➞್ā˛Ēā˛Ąುā˛ĩ ➒ಂā˛Ļು ➆➏ೆ➝➍್➍ು ā˛Ēೂ➰ೈ➏ುā˛ĩ ā˛Žā˛°ā˛ĩ➍್➍ು ➕ಂā˛Ąā˛°ು. ➰ಾ➕್➎➏➰ೊಂā˛Ļಿ➗ೆ ā˛šೋ➰ಾā˛Ąā˛˛ು ā˛ļಿā˛ĩ➍ು ➆➗ಾ➗್➗ೆ ➕ೈ➞ಾ➏ ā˛Ē➰್ā˛ĩ➤ā˛Ļಿಂā˛Ļ ā˛šೊ➰➗ೆ ā˛šೋ➗ು➤್➤ಿā˛Ļ್ā˛Ļ➰ಿಂā˛Ļ, ā˛Ēಾ➰್ā˛ĩ➤ಿ ➆➗ಾ➗್➗ೆ ➒ಂ➟ಿ➤➍ā˛ĩ➍್➍ು ➅➍ು➭ā˛ĩಿ➏ು➤್➤ಿā˛Ļ್ā˛Ļ➺ು ā˛Žā˛¤್➤ು ➆ā˛Ļ್ā˛Ļ➰ಿಂā˛Ļ ➅ā˛ĩ➺ು ā˛Žā˛°ā˛Ļಿಂā˛Ļ ā˛Žā˛—ā˛ŗā˛¨್➍ು ➕ೇ➺ಿā˛Ļ➺ು. ➆➕ೆ➝ ➆➏ೆ ā˛ˆā˛Ąೇ➰ಿā˛Ļಂ➤ೆ ➅ā˛ļೋ➕ ➏ುಂā˛Ļ➰ಿ ➜➍ಿ➏ಿā˛Ļ➺ು.

➅ā˛ļೋ➕ ā˛Žಂā˛Ŧ ā˛Ēā˛Ļā˛Ļ ➅➰್ā˛Ĩ ā˛Ļುಃ➖ā˛ĩಿ➞್➞ā˛Ļ ā˛Žā˛¤್➤ು ā˛Ēಾ➰್ā˛ĩ➤ಿ➝ ā˛Ļುಃ➖ā˛ĩ➍್➍ು ā˛šೋ➗➞ಾā˛Ąಿ➏ಿā˛Ļ ➕ಾ➰➪ ➆➕ೆ➗ೆ ➅ā˛ļೋ➕ ➏ುಂā˛Ļ➰ಿ ā˛Žಂā˛Ļು ā˛šೆ➏➰ಿ➏➞ಾ➝ಿ➤ು. ➏ುಂā˛Ļ➰ಿ ā˛Žಂā˛Ļ➰ೆ ➏ುಂā˛Ļ➰ಿ ā˛Žಂā˛Ļ➰್ā˛Ĩ. ā˛šುā˛Ąು➗ಿ ➤ುಂā˛Ŧಾ ➏ುಂā˛Ļ➰ā˛ĩಾ➗ಿā˛Ļ್ā˛Ļ ➕ಾ➰➪, ➅ā˛ĩ➺ು ➤➍್➍ ā˛šೆ➏➰ಿ➗ೆ ➍್➝ಾ➝ā˛ĩ➍್➍ು ā˛Žಾā˛Ąಿā˛Ļ➺ು.

➍ಿ➗ೂā˛ĸā˛ĩಾ➗ಿ, ➗➪ೇā˛ļ➍ ā˛ļಿ➰➚್➛ೇā˛Ļ➍ ā˛¸ā˛Žā˛¯ā˛Ļ➞್➞ಿ ➅ā˛ĩ➺ು ➇ā˛Ļ್ā˛Ļ➺ು ā˛Žಂā˛Ŧ ➅ಂā˛ļā˛ĩ➍್➍ು ā˛šೊ➰➤ುā˛Ēā˛Ąಿ➏ಿ ā˛šೆ➚್➚ಿ➍ ➗್➰ಂā˛Ĩ➗➺➞್➞ಿ ➅ā˛ĩ➺ ā˛Ŧ➗್➗ೆ ā˛šೆ➚್➚ು ➉➞್➞ೇ➖ಿ➏➞ಾ➗ಿ➞್➞. ➅ā˛ļೋ➕ ➏ುಂā˛Ļ➰ಿ ➤➍್➍ ➤ಂā˛Ļೆ➝ ➕ೃ➤್➝➕್➕ೆ ā˛šೆā˛Ļ➰ಿ ➉ā˛Ē್ā˛Ēಿ➍ ā˛Žೂ➟ೆ➝ ā˛šಿಂā˛Ļೆ ā˛Ŧ➚್➚ಿ➟್➟ು➕ೊಂā˛Ąā˛ŗು. ā˛Ēಾ➰್ā˛ĩ➤ಿ ➤➍್➍ ā˛Ēು➤್➰➰ ➭ā˛ĩಿ➎್➝ā˛ĩ➍್➍ು ➤ಿ➺ಿā˛Ļಾ➗, ➅ā˛ĩ➺ು ➤ುಂā˛Ŧಾ ➕ೋā˛Ē➗ೊ➺್➺ು➤್➤ಾ➺ೆ. ➕ೋā˛Ēā˛Ļಿಂā˛Ļ ➅ā˛ĩ➺ು ➅ā˛ļೋ➕ ➏ುಂā˛Ļ➰ಿ➝➍್➍ು ➉ā˛Ē್ā˛Ēಿ➍ ➭ಾ➗ā˛ĩಾ➗ುā˛ĩಂ➤ೆ ā˛ļā˛Ēಿ➏ಿā˛Ļ➺ು. ➍ಂ➤➰ ā˛ļಿā˛ĩ➍ು ➗➪ೇā˛ļ➍ ➤➞ೆ➝➍್➍ು ā˛Ēು➍ಃ➏್ā˛Ĩಾā˛Ēಿ➏ಿā˛Ļಾ➗, ➅ā˛ĩ➰ು ā˛¤ā˛Ž್ā˛Ž ā˛Žā˛—ā˛ŗಿ➗ೆ ➜ೀā˛ĩ➍ā˛ĩ➍್➍ು ā˛Ēು➍ಃ➏್ā˛Ĩಾā˛Ēಿ➏ಿā˛Ļ➰ು ā˛Žā˛¤್➤ು ➅ā˛ĩ➺➍್➍ು ā˛¸ā˛Žಾ➧ಾ➍ā˛Ēā˛Ąಿ➏ಿā˛Ļ➰ು. ā˛šಾ➗ಾ➗ಿ➝ೇ ➅ā˛ļೋ➕ ➏ುಂā˛Ļ➰ಿ ➉ā˛Ē್ā˛Ēಿ➍ೊಂā˛Ļಿ➗ೆ ➏ಂā˛Ŧಂ➧ ā˛šೊಂā˛Ļಿā˛Ļ್ā˛Ļಾ➺ೆ, ➅ā˛Ļು ➇➞್➞ā˛Ļೆ ā˛†ā˛šಾ➰ā˛ĩು ➰ು➚ಿ➝ಿ➞್➞.

➅ಂā˛¤ā˛š ➕ೆ➞ā˛ĩು ā˛Ļಂ➤➕ā˛Ĩೆ➗➺➍್➍ು ā˛šೊ➰➤ುā˛Ēā˛Ąಿ➏ಿ, ā˛ļಿā˛ĩ➍ ā˛Žā˛—ā˛ŗ ➅➏್➤ಿ➤್ā˛ĩā˛ĩು ā˛šೆ➚್➚ಿ➍ ➜➍➰ಿ➗ೆ ➤ಿ➺ಿā˛Ļಿ➞್➞. ➆ā˛Ļಾ➗್➝ೂ ➭ಾ➰➤ā˛Ļ ➕ೆ➞ā˛ĩು ➭ಾ➗➗➺➞್➞ಿ, ➕ೋ➞್➕➤್➤ಾā˛Ļ➞್➞ಿ ➜➍ā˛Ē್➰ಿ➝ā˛ĩಾ➗ಿ➰ುā˛ĩ ➕ೆ➞ā˛ĩು ➜ಾ➍ā˛Ēā˛Ļ ➕ā˛Ĩೆ➗➺ಿā˛ĩೆ, ā˛ā˛•ೆಂā˛Ļ➰ೆ ā˛Žಾ➍➏ ā˛Ļೇā˛ĩಿ➝ು ā˛ļಿā˛ĩ➍ ā˛Žā˛—ā˛ŗು ā˛Žಂā˛Ļು ➍ಂā˛Ŧ➞ಾ➗ಿā˛Ļೆ, ➅ā˛ĩ➰ು ➉ā˛Ļ್ā˛Ļೇā˛ļಿ➏ā˛Ļ ➰ೀ➤ಿ➝➞್➞ಿ ➆➕➏್ā˛Žಿ➕ā˛ĩಾ➗ಿ ➜➍ಿ➏ಿā˛Ļ➰ು.

➆ā˛Ļ್ā˛Ļ➰ಿಂā˛Ļ ➇ā˛ĩು ā˛ļಿā˛ĩ➍ ā˛Žā˛—ā˛ŗಾā˛Ļ ➅ā˛ļೋ➕ ➏ುಂā˛Ļ➰ಿ➝ ➕ು➰ಿ➤ಾā˛Ļ ➕ೆ➞ā˛ĩು ➕ā˛Ĩೆ➗➺ಾ➗ಿā˛ĩೆ. ➈ ➕ā˛Ĩೆ➗➺ ➏➤್➝ಾ➏➤್➝➤ೆ➝ ā˛Ŧ➗್➗ೆ ➏್ā˛ĩ➞್ā˛Ē ā˛Šā˛šಾā˛Ēೋā˛šā˛—ā˛ŗಿā˛ĩೆ ➆ā˛Ļ➰ೆ ➜ಾ➍ā˛Ēā˛Ļā˛ĩು ➭ಾ➰➤ೀ➝ ➏ಂ➏್➕ೃ➤ಿ➝ ā˛Ē್ā˛°ā˛Žು➖ ➭ಾ➗ā˛ĩಾ➗ಿ➰ುā˛ĩುā˛Ļ➰ಿಂā˛Ļ, ➭➗ā˛ĩಾ➍್ ā˛ļಿā˛ĩ➍ು ā˛Žā˛—ā˛ŗ ➤ಂā˛Ļೆ➝ಾ➗ಿ➰ುā˛ĩ ➏ಾ➧್➝➤ೆ➝➍್➍ು ➍ಾā˛ĩು ➅➞್➞➗➺ೆ➝ುā˛ĩಂ➤ಿ➞್➞.

➅ā˛ļೋ➕➏ುಂā˛Ļ➰ಿ, ā˛ļಿā˛ĩ ā˛Žā˛¤್➤ು ā˛Ēಾ➰್ā˛ĩ➤ಿ➝ ā˛Ēು➤್➰ಿ➝ಾ➗ಿā˛Ļ್ā˛Ļ➰ೂ, ➇➤➰ ā˛Žā˛•್➕➺ಾā˛Ļ ➗➪ೇā˛ļ ā˛Žā˛¤್➤ು ➕ಾ➰್➤ಿ➕ೇ➝➰ಂ➤ೆ ➜➍ā˛Ē್➰ಿ➝ā˛ĩಾ➗ಿ➞್➞. ➇ā˛Ļ➕್➕ೆ ➕ೆ➞ā˛ĩು ā˛Ē್ā˛°ā˛Žು➖ ➕ಾ➰➪➗➺ಿā˛ĩೆ:

1. ā˛Ēು➰ಾ➪➗➺➞್➞ಿ ā˛•ā˛Ąಿā˛Žೆ ➉➞್➞ೇ➖:

➅ā˛ļೋ➕➏ುಂā˛Ļ➰ಿ➝ ➕ು➰ಿ➤ು ➭ಾ➰➤ೀ➝ ā˛Ēು➰ಾ➪➗➺➞್➞ಿ ā˛šಾ➗ೂ ➧ಾ➰್ā˛Žಿ➕ ➕ೃ➤್➝➗➺➞್➞ಿ ➤ುಂā˛Ŧಾ ā˛•ā˛Ąಿā˛Žೆ ā˛Žಾā˛šಿ➤ಿ ā˛Ļೊ➰➕ು➤್➤ā˛Ļೆ. ➗➪ೇā˛ļ ā˛Žā˛¤್➤ು ➕ಾ➰್➤ಿ➕ೇ➝➰ ➕ā˛Ĩೆ➗➺ು ā˛ĩ್➝ಾā˛Ē➕ā˛ĩಾ➗ಿ ā˛Ē್➰➏್➤ು➤ā˛ĩಿ➰ುā˛ĩುā˛Ļ➰ಿಂā˛Ļ ➅ā˛ĩ➰ ➜➍ā˛Ē್➰ಿ➝➤ೆ➝ು ā˛šೆ➚್➚ು. ➆ā˛Ļ➰ೆ, ➅ā˛ļೋ➕➏ುಂā˛Ļ➰ಿ➝ ➕ā˛Ĩೆ ā˛Žā˛¤್➤ು ā˛Ēಾ➤್➰ā˛ĩು ā˛šೆ➚್➚ಿ➍ ā˛Žā˛šā˛¤್ā˛ĩ ā˛Ēā˛Ąೆā˛Ļಿ➞್➞. ➅ā˛ļೋ➕➏ುಂā˛Ļ➰ಿ➝ ➉➞್➞ೇ➖ā˛ĩು ā˛Žು➖್➝ā˛ĩಾ➗ಿ ā˛Ēā˛Ļ್ā˛Žā˛Ēು➰ಾ➪ ā˛Žā˛¤್➤ು ➕ೆ➞ā˛ĩು ➇➤➰ ā˛Ēು➰ಾ➪➗➺➞್➞ಿ ā˛Žಾ➤್➰ ➏ೀā˛Žಿ➤ā˛ĩಾ➗ಿā˛Ļೆ.

2. ā˛•ā˛Ĩೆ➗➺ ā˛Ē್➰➚ಾ➰ā˛Ļ ➕ೊ➰➤ೆ:

➅ā˛ļೋ➕➏ುಂā˛Ļ➰ಿ➝ ➕ā˛Ĩೆ➗➺ು ā˛Žā˛¤್➤ು ā˛Ēೌ➰ಾ➪ಿ➕ ➅ಂā˛ļ➗➺ು ā˛Ē್ā˛°ā˛Žು➖ ā˛ļಾ➏್➤್➰➗➺➞್➞ಿ ā˛šೆ➚್➚ಾ➗ಿ ➒➤್➤ಿ ā˛šೇ➺➞್ā˛Ē➟್➟ಿ➞್➞. ➈ ➕ಾ➰➪ā˛Ļಿಂā˛Ļ, ➆➕ೆ➝ ➕ು➰ಿ➤ಾā˛Ļ ➕ā˛Ĩೆ➗➺ು ➅ā˛Ĩā˛ĩಾ ➇➤ಿā˛šಾ➏ā˛ĩು ➏ಾā˛Žಾ➍್➝ ➜➍➰ಿ➗ೆ ➅ā˛Ĩā˛ĩಾ ➭➕್➤➰ಿ➗ೆ ā˛šೆ➚್➚ು ➤➞ುā˛Ēಿ➞್➞. ➜➍ā˛Ē್➰ಿ➝➤ೆ➝➍್➍ು ā˛šೆ➚್➚ಿ➏➞ು ➆➕ೆ➝ ā˛Ēಾ➤್➰ā˛Ļ ➕ು➰ಿ➤ಾā˛Ļ ➕ೃ➤್➝➗➺ ā˛Ē್➰➚ಾ➰ ā˛Žು➖್➝ā˛ĩಾ➗ಿā˛Ļೆ, ➆ā˛Ļ➰ೆ ➅ā˛ļೋ➕➏ುಂā˛Ļ➰ಿ➝ ➕ು➰ಿ➤ು ➅ā˛Ļು ā˛•ā˛Ąಿā˛Žೆ➝ಾ➗ಿā˛Ļೆ.

3. ā˛—➪ೇā˛ļ ā˛Žā˛¤್➤ು ➕ಾ➰್➤ಿ➕ೇ➝➰ ➜➍ā˛Ē್➰ಿ➝ ➕ā˛Ĩೆ➗➺ು:

➗➪ೇā˛ļ ā˛Žā˛¤್➤ು ➕ಾ➰್➤ಿ➕ೇ➝, ā˛Ļೇā˛ĩ➍ಾā˛Ļ ā˛ļಿā˛ĩ➍ ā˛Ē್ā˛°ā˛Žು➖ ā˛Ēು➤್➰➰ು ā˛Žಂā˛Ļು ā˛ĩ್➝ಾā˛Ē➕ā˛ĩಾ➗ಿ ā˛šೆ➏➰ುā˛ĩಾ➏ಿ➝ಾ➗ಿā˛Ļ್ā˛Ļಾ➰ೆ, ā˛ā˛•ೆಂā˛Ļ➰ೆ ➅ā˛ĩ➰ ➜ೀā˛ĩ➍ā˛Ļ ➏➍್➍ಿā˛ĩೇā˛ļ➗➺ು, ā˛ļ➕್➤ಿ, ā˛šಾ➗ೂ ā˛Ļೇā˛ĩಾ➞➝➗➺➞್➞ಿ ➅ā˛ĩ➰ಿ➗ೆ ā˛Ē್➰➏ಾā˛Ļಿ➤ ā˛Ēೂ➜ೆ➗➺ು ➜➍ā˛Ē್➰ಿ➝ā˛ĩಾ➗ಿā˛ĩೆ. ➗➪ೇā˛ļ➍ಿ➗ೆ ➏➕➞ ➏ಿā˛Ļ್➧ಿ➗➺ ā˛Ļೇā˛ĩ➤ೆ ā˛Žā˛¤್➤ು ➕ಾ➰್➤ಿ➕ೇ➝➍ಿ➗ೆ ➝ೋ➧ ā˛Ļೇā˛ĩ➤ೆ ā˛Žಂā˛Ļು ā˛šೊ➗➺➞ಾ➗ಿā˛Ļೆ, ➇ā˛Ļ➰ಿಂā˛Ļ ➅ā˛ĩ➰ ā˛Ē್➰ಾā˛Žು➖್➝➤ೆ ā˛šೆ➚್➚ಾ➗ಿā˛Ļೆ. ➆ā˛Ļ➰ೆ, ➅ā˛ļೋ➕➏ುಂā˛Ļ➰ಿ➝ ā˛Ēಾ➤್➰ā˛ĩು ➇ā˛ĩು➗➺ೆ➞್➞ā˛Ļ➰ ā˛Žā˛Ļು➰ು ā˛•ā˛Ąಿā˛Žೆ➝ಾ➗ಿ ➕ಾ➪ಿ➏ು➤್➤ā˛Ļೆ.

4. ā˛†ā˛•ೆ➝ ā˛Ēಾ➤್➰ā˛ĩು ➏್ā˛Ĩ➺ೀ➝ā˛ĩಾ➗ಿ➰ುā˛ĩುā˛Ļು:

➅ā˛ļೋ➕➏ುಂā˛Ļ➰ಿ➝ು ā˛Ē್ā˛°ā˛Žು➖ ā˛Ēು➰ಾ➪➗➺➞್➞ಿ ā˛šೆ➚್➚ು ➏ಾಂā˛Ļ➰್➭ಿ➕ā˛ĩಾ➗ಿ ā˛Ē್➰➏್➤ಾā˛Ēಿ➏➞್ā˛Ē➟್➟ಿ➞್➞, ➆ā˛Ļ➰ೆ ➕ೆ➞ā˛ĩೊಂā˛Ļು ➏್ā˛Ĩ➺ೀ➝ ➕ā˛Ĩೆ➗➺➞್➞ಿ ā˛Žಾ➤್➰ ➗ು➰ು➤ಿ➏➞ಾ➗ಿā˛Ļೆ. ā˛šಿā˛Žಾ➞➝ ā˛Ē್➰ā˛Ļೇā˛ļā˛Ļ➞್➞ಿ ā˛Žā˛¤್➤ು ➉➤್➤➰ ➭ಾ➰➤ā˛Ļ ➕ೆ➞ā˛ĩು ➭ಾ➗➗➺➞್➞ಿ ā˛Žಾ➤್➰ ➆➕ೆ➗ೆ ➏ಂā˛Ŧಂ➧ಿ➏ಿā˛Ļ ➕ೃ➤್➝➗➺ು ➇ā˛ĩೆ, ➆ā˛Ļ➰ೆ ā˛Ļೇā˛ļಾā˛Ļ್➝ಾಂ➤ ➆➕ೆ➝ ā˛Ēೂ➜ೆ ➅ā˛Ĩā˛ĩಾ ➭➕್➤ಿ ➏್ā˛Ĩ➺➗➺ು ➜➍ā˛Ē್➰ಿ➝ā˛ĩಾ➗ಿ➞್➞.

5. ā˛§ಾ➰್ā˛Žಿ➕ ā˛†ā˛šā˛°ā˛Ŗೆ➗➺ ➕ೊ➰➤ೆ:

➗➪ೇā˛ļ➍ ā˛Žā˛¤್➤ು ➕ಾ➰್➤ಿ➕ೇ➝➍ಿ➗ೆ ➏ಂā˛Ŧಂ➧ಿ➏ಿā˛Ļ ➧ಾ➰್ā˛Žಿ➕ ā˛†ā˛šā˛°ā˛Ŗೆ➗➺ು, ā˛šā˛Ŧ್ā˛Ŧ➗➺ು (ā˛šೀ➗ಿ➰ುā˛ĩಾ➗, ➗➪ೇā˛ļ ➚➤ು➰್ā˛Ĩಿ, ➏್➕ಂā˛Ļ➎➎್➠ಿ ➇➤್➝ಾā˛Ļಿ) ā˛Žā˛¤್➤ು ā˛Ēೂ➜ಾ ā˛ĩಿ➧ಾ➍➗➺ು ➜➍ā˛Ē್➰ಿ➝ā˛ĩಾ➗ಿā˛ĩೆ. ➇ā˛ĩು➗➺ು ➏ಾā˛Žಾ➍್➝ ➜➍➰➞್➞ಿ ➆ ā˛Ļೇā˛ĩ➰ು➗➺ ➕ು➰ಿ➤ು ā˛šೆ➚್➚ು ā˛Ē್➰ā˛ĩೃ➤್➤ಿ ➤➰ುā˛ĩ➞್➞ಿ ā˛¸ā˛šā˛•ಾ➰ಿ. ➆ā˛Ļ➰ೆ, ➅ā˛ļೋ➕➏ುಂā˛Ļ➰ಿ➝ ā˛šೆ➏➰ಿ➍➞್➞ಿ ā˛Ē್➰➚➞ಿ➤ā˛ĩಿ➰ುā˛ĩ ➅ಂā˛¤ā˛š ā˛Ļೊā˛Ą್ā˛Ą ā˛šā˛Ŧ್ā˛Ŧ➗➺ು ➇➞್➞ā˛Ļಿ➰ುā˛ĩುā˛Ļ➰ಿಂā˛Ļ ➆➕ೆ➝ ➜➍ā˛Ē್➰ಿ➝➤ೆ ā˛•ā˛Ąಿā˛Žೆ.

➏ಾ➰ಾಂā˛ļā˛ĩಾ➗ಿ, ➅ā˛ļೋ➕➏ುಂā˛Ļ➰ಿ➝ು ā˛•ā˛Ąಿā˛Žೆ ➜➍ā˛Ē್➰ಿ➝➰ಾ➗ಿ➰ುā˛ĩುā˛Ļ➕್➕ೆ ā˛Ēು➰ಾ➪➗➺➞್➞ಿ ā˛Žā˛¤್➤ು ➧ಾ➰್ā˛Žಿ➕ ➕ೃ➤್➝➗➺➞್➞ಿ ➆➕ೆ➝ ā˛šೆ➏➰ಿ➍ ā˛•ā˛Ąಿā˛Žೆ ➉➞್➞ೇ➖➗➺ು, ā˛šಾ➗ೂ ➆➕ೆ➝ ➕ು➰ಿ➤ಾā˛Ļ ➕ā˛Ĩೆ➗➺ ā˛Ē್➰➏ಾ➰ ā˛Žā˛¤್➤ು ā˛†ā˛šā˛°ā˛Ŗೆ➗➺ ➕ೊ➰➤ೆ ā˛Žು➖್➝ ➕ಾ➰➪➗➺ಾ➗ಿā˛ĩೆ.