Who is the god with the most mysterious power?

 Its without a doubt the Vedic god Varuna. He is the god of Rta or cosmic order. This is not the Puranic Varuna you know as just a water god…this one is the dark feared Varuna whose wrath is feared by both humans and the divine. This Varuna is the ruthless Gaurdian of Rta.

His noose is basically hell for sinners. None can escape him. The way the Vedas describe him is like a very ancient secret that no one completely knows but it knows everything about everyone.

Rig Ved 1.25.7–8 - He is the knower of every movement happening universally

He, who knows the path of the birds flying through the air; he, abiding in the ocean, knows (also) the course of ships. He, who accepting the rites (dedicated to him) knows the twelve months and their productions and that which is supplementarily engendered.

Rig Ved 7.86.3 - Varuna is shown as the god of divine justice. A figure whose displeasure is feared among mortals.

Desirous of beholding you, Varuṇa, I inquire what is my offence; I have gone to make inquiry of thewise; the sages verily have said the same thing to me: -- this Varuṇa is displeased with you

Atharva Ved 4.16.2 - Varuna is always present in invisible form among men, no thought or conspiracy is hidden from him.

If two persons sit together and scheme, King Varuna is there as a third, and knows it.

Atharva Ved 4.16.4 - You cannot run from Varuna, he and his ganas will find you anywhere.

He that should flee beyond the heaven far away would not be free from king Varuna. His spies come hither (to the earth) from heaven, with a thousand eyes do they watch over the earth.

Atharva Ved 4.16.5 - His omniscience is so precise that it borders on the mathematical and supernatural. He doesn't just watch humanity. he quantifies existence itself.

Numbered by him are the very winkings of the eyes of men. As a gambler fixes his dice, so does he arrange all these things.

Atharva Ved 4.16.7–8 - Varuna punishes liars, even the divine gods can come under his justice.

7. With a hundred snares, O Varuna, surround him, let the liar not go free from thee, O thou that observest men! The rogue shall sit, his belly hanging loose, like a cask without hoops, bursting all about!
8. With (the snare of) Varuna which is fastened lengthwise, and that which (is fastened) broadwise, with the indigenous and the foreign, with the divine and the human,--

Rig Ved Rigveda 7.89.2 - 4 - Varuna is very unique in punishment. there are two methods.

1) he fills your whole body with so much fluid that you are internally drowned with it and you die in pain and agony.

2) he makes you feel so much thirst then makes an illusion of water all around you until you beg for water.

When, Varuṇa, I am throbbing as if (with awe) like an inflated skin, grant me happiness, possessor ofwealth, grant me happiness. Opulent and pure (Varuṇa), if through infirmity I have done what is contrary (to the law), yet grant mehappiness, possessor of wealth, grant me happiness. Thirst distresses (me) your worshipper in the midst of the waters; grant me happiness, possessor ofwealth, grant me happiness.

Rigveda 8.41.8 - He is always hidden yet when the time comes he destroys the dark one’s (tama) with light.

He, the ocean-dwelling, hidden (Apicya), swift god... he o'erspreads the dark ones with a robe of light.

Rig Ved 1.24.15 - His noose captures souls who deviate from Rta. A prayer is given to him to specifically loosen his noose.

O Varuna, loosen from us the uppermost noose, untie the middle one, and take away the lowest, so that we may live.

Aghamarsana Sukta(Mahanarayanopanishad) - describes Varuna as the fire within the water. This sukta is being sung by a sinner who prays and asks Varuna and his consort Varuni to forgive him for his sins.

I take refuge in Varuna, who is of golden lustre or who has a golden diadem. O Varuna, being entreated by me, grant me the saving grace. For I have enjoyed what belongs to bad people and accepted gift from sinners. May Indra, Varuna, Brihaspati and Savita completely destroy that sins committed by me and my people in thought, word and act. Salutations to fire hidden in water. Salutation to Indra. Salutation to Varuna. Salutation to Varuni, the consort of Varuna. Salutation to the deities of waters. (Through the power of this mantra). let all that is injurious, impure and troublesome in water be destroyed.

Namo Narayana 🙏🏻🪔🪷🦅

Hara Hara Mahadeva 🙏🏻🪔📿🔱

Which has more power: a rail engine or a plane engine?

 If you're referring to power in the strict physical sense, aircraft engines are typically more powerful (in Watts) compared to train engines.

For instance, one of the most powerful engines globally (the GE 90-115B, notably used in the B777-300) produces roughly 50 MW of power (around 5% of a nuclear reactor's output). By contrast, a highly powerful locomotive (like the GE AC6000CW) generates under 10 MW.

That said, when it comes to tractive (or propulsive) force delivered by the engine, things flip. Locomotive engines produce very strong tractive force at low speeds. For example, the locomotive mentioned above delivers roughly 85 tons of tractive force at low speeds, while the jet engine above (despite being more powerful) only produces 55 tons of propulsive force at low speeds.

However, the jet engine doesn't require support (rail) to generate this propulsive force, and it keeps producing this force even at extremely high speeds (whereas a locomotive's tractive force drops off sharply as speed increases).

Why did the Mughal Empire lose power so gradually over 150 years before the British took control?

 When the British captured Delhi in 1803, they didn't dethrone the Mughal Emperor. Instead, the conquering commander bowed to the blind, powerless ruler and declared himself a loyal vassal.

The Mughal Empire did not collapse overnight because, for over a century, no one actually wanted it to disappear. When Emperor Aurangzeb died in 1707, he left behind a sprawling administrative machine that covered nearly the entire Indian subcontinent. An institution that deeply embedded into the fabric of daily life took decades to decay, and as its central power fractured, it was replaced by a system of convenient legal fiction.

As the central military power waned, regional powers like the Marathas, Sikhs, and various Nawabs carved out their own independent kingdoms. Yet almost all of them continued to mint coins in the Mughal Emperor's name and read his name in the Friday prayers. Ousting the Emperor would have required a regional leader to claim universal sovereignty over India, an act of hubris that would have instantly united every other faction against them.

It was far cheaper and politically safer to rule from behind the throne. The empire simply decentralized into successor states—like Bengal, Awadh, and Hyderabad—where local governors became hereditary kings in all but name. They maintained the exact administrative frameworks, tax structures, and courtly cultures of the Mughals, allowing the empire to survive as a decentralized franchise rather than a unified state.

The British East India Company weaponized this exact dynamic to slowly take over the subcontinent. Following the Battle of Buxar in 1764, the Company did not declare Bengal a British colony. They forced the Mughal Emperor to grant them the Diwani—the official right to collect taxes in Bengal on his behalf.

For the next 90 years, the British expanded their territory while pretending to act as administrators within the Mughal system. It was not until the Indian Rebellion of 1857 that the British finally dropped the charade, exiling the last figurehead emperor, Bahadur Shah Zafar, to Burma and formally declaring direct British rule.

A map shows the Mughal Empire at its greatest territorial extent under Emperor Aurangzeb, covering nearly the entire Indian subcontinent in 1707. Photo by Avantiputra7 is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Why do nuclear power plants have such wide chimneys?

 Chimneys?

You mean these things?

Those aren't chimneys. They're called cooling towers. Large power plants produce enormous amounts of heat, but only use about half of it. They have to release the remaining heat to prevent melting, so they vent it into the environment.

How do they release this heat?

If there's a sufficiently large river nearby, they use that water. If not, they build these large, chimney-like towers to release the heat through EVAPORATING WATER. Yes, these chimneys release steam and vapors, not smoke or radiation. And why these large towers? The hot water raining down the bottom of the tower causes the air inside to heat up and rise, much like a hot air balloon. This "natural draft" draws in fresh air through the zigzag openings at the base, which cools the falling water through evaporation, so the remaining puddle at the bottom stays nice and cool and returns to the power plant. The tower has to be this large to accommodate the enormous volume of air needed to cool the vast amount of water heated by the power plant.

Water, in the quantities consumed by power plants, is not cheap, partly because it is highly purified. In most cases, it is cheaper to recycle it than to obtain more of it.

What are the photos that show the power of genetics?

 1 – “I have a hereditary flaw in my eyebrow. It’s a picture of my great-grandfather on the left, my father also has this flaw.”

2 – Grandmother and granddaughter. Genetics are truly amazing

3 – “A friend of mine took this photo in a clinic. Rare condition of mother and daughter”

4 – They look like the same person!

5 – Like father, like son

6 – “Same. Apparently, I sit and talk like her too.”

7 – Clone!

8 – “My mom at her wedding, me at my graduation! I love looking like my heroine”

9 – This baby was born with the same birthmark as his mother

10 – Father and daughter who have the same dimple on their forehead

11 – “I am my father’s twin”

12 – Mother and daughter. They look like the same person

13 – Reincarnation

14 – “Me and my great-grandmother. We have the same name too.”

15 – Mother and daughter look so alike

16 – “My mother, mother and my daughter”

17 – A curious demonstration of the power of genetics

18 – Mother and daughter practically look alike

19 – Grandfather and grandson

20 – Identical mother and daughter

Why is there such a big power imbalance between India and China, and what specific areas make China stronger?

Both India and China are still civilizations returning to their historical place in the world following long periods of historic decline. During the past 75 years both India and China have become the world’s 4th and 2th largest economies respectively. India has surpassed China to be the world’s most populous nation and has in the past 15 years lifted more people out of poverty than any other nation. Above image of the period of the Great Interchange which the longest peaceful Interchange of culture, philosophy, science and people between two civilizations in human history. The period began in 500 B.C. and spanned until 1157 A.D.

Many Indians commit a disservice of viewpoint in comparison with China, as they view the current situation in static terms. In 1947, India started out as a nation state with regaining freedom as a fractured country. Rather than not accepting the culmination of British divide and rule policies, our leaders at the time accepted partition. There is no doubt, that Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru knew that Pakistan was being created for Western interests. He simply accepted it as he would later state, "I was advancing in age." He wanted to be Prime Minister and this went beyond using a delay of a few years for the Independence of India, of keeping it undivided. Hence, a state was created which had an archrival supported by the West at inception.

India would endure the largest forced migration in Human history in 1947, millions lost their lives.

Pakistan was directed by the British Empire to ensure India had no border with Afghanistan, as they already knew quite well that the Soviet Union was approaching India, and India would gain energy Independence via a direct trade route to Central Asia bypassing Pakistan. Hence the British allowed Pakistan to attack Kashmir and retain the area which would have given India a direct land border with Afghanistan. Most Indians including economist today do not put up real calculated price the Indian economy paid for not having this access.

India would start out at War and bankrupt. Nehru did not even attempt to solve the Kashmir issue via military action continuing. Lord Mountbatten who was the Governor of General of India, advised Prime Minister Nehru to take the issue to the United Nations, it was already a fait accompli as Britain and the US both neither condemned the Pakistani invasion of Kashmir, nor offered a realistic solution for it. A divided Kashmir emerged and India never would be able to solve this.

India in 1947 was a nation of rolling epidemics, caloric deficiencies for most Indians and a life expectancy which had fallen to 32 with a literacy rate of 9% India had been the world’s largest economy and wealthiest export nation controlling over 25% of global G.D.P. before British Colonial Rule which began after 1757.

So when we look at an India in this state in 1947, with a life expectancy of 32 years and a literacy rate of 9%, from this state began the journey of India. China was ahead of India in life expectancy, literacy rates and had nearly double India’s population. We cannot omit these facts, simply because we possessed a far more advanced railway system and a potentially open economy, which Nehru would close by 1957, we by no matrix were ahead of China in a meaningful way. In 1947, India needed to have two goals, raise life expectancy and rapidly increase literacy. This meant our food production needed to climb exponentially, most of our people only had enough food to eat once a day and even that stopped after Pakistan was decoupled in 1951. It took Prime Minister Indira Gandhi’s decisive nationalization of India's banking sector to force lending to finance the green revolution in the early 1970s. Her accomplishment remains the work of legend. By 1975 India was food sufficient for the first time since 1757. Two to three generations of Indians have grown up without the looming spire of epidemics and hunger. Life expectancy climbed. In 1974 Indira Gandhi gave the go ahead for Smiling Buddha. As the nation celebrated the Birthday of Raja Sudarath Guatam (The Buddha), India became an atomic power on May 18, 1974. The reality is that India became resurgent civilization at this point. The fear of invasion, the inability to survive vanished and Indians not being able to accomplish goals in the modetn world vanished.

Today India’s population exceeds that of China. A skilled population has largely developed and life expectancy is in the low 70s. Regardless of how India goes forward it is now the 4th largest economy. It does not need to be the world's largest economy as it was before Western colonialism to be called a success, but it shall be counted in the top three within years. India cannot pursue a path replicating China’s manufacturing centric path, as this would discard India's actual strengths. India is an IT driven super power already. India has more highly educated individuals in a true sense than any other country in the world including China. India has more people that speak 3 or more languages than any other country as well.

India made crucial mistakes in dealing with China after 1949. Prime Minister Nehru shaped India’s policies and outlook towards China based upon his own understanding of Chinese History and the remarkable impact India had in shaping China’s consciousness during the age of the Great Interchange. This period which began in 500 B.C. spanned 1500 years until North India fell under a brutal Islamic Invasion which ended India’s University Systems and culminated with the burning of Nalanda University by an Islamic fanatic known as Khilji around 1150 A.D. The resultant spread of Buddhism and Indian Dharmic concepts along with Indian Mathematics, Astronomy and interchange of Indian values clouds the current actions of the CCP to distance Chinese association with India historically. The complexity cannot be overlooked nor deemed not important to analyzing the effect upon future dialogue and development. The CCP came to power with the mission of changing Chinese culture from one which was based on a social hierarchy much like that which was found in India, and a system of education which preserved this. In undoing much of what constituted the norms of Chinese culture the influence of India was negated and the reforms which India made after 1947 were largely not acknowledged. Hence India is depicted as being ridden in superstition and the past, rather than a civilization which has changed dramatically without the radical use of Communist theology. Prime Minister Nehru failed to see the rise of China based upon an ideology of misrepresentation of history and pursuant to superficial use of economic progress not balanced with the principles of India’s historic relationship with China.

To simply look at China having a manufacturing advantage based on its opening to the United States in 1970, is an obvious conclusion, however China has several advantages. The U.S. was far more familiar with China historically and this translated into preference for dealing with China even though it was at diametric opposites for decades after the Communist Revolution in 1949. The U.S. inherited much of its views of India from the British Empire’s false depictions of India during the early 20th Century. While the purpose of this effort was to prevent America from supporting Indian Freedom Fighters, the unintended effects have been a continuous underestimation of India’s civilizational continuity and actual unity of Indians. China under the CCP has also miscalculated based on its own adaptation of viewing India via misrepresented colonial interpretation. Hence China faces many surprises in dealing with India as its foreign policies are doomed to failure in this regard.

While it may well be that China has a GDP which is 4–5 times greater than that of India, the growth rates favor India going forward. Politically, China will have to reform its Communist one party state at some point in the future. Statistically, 98% of all declared Communist states have ceased to exist and have adopted multiparty systems of governments. The change in governance has always shown that economic output was often overstated and regional rights have either been upgraded or geographic divisions follow. China is avoiding this at all cost, and the battle is far from won. India in economic size is only 16 years behind China according Bernstein Analysis. Hence India, even if not achieving China’s manufacturing dominance will still end up with a similarly large economy. Whether India is the third largest economy in the world or the world’s second largest economy is a matter of triviality, as India is the world’s largest Democracy, it has the world’s largest population and workforce, and India is not facing the unenviable position of knowing that is facing constant danger of having to implement governmental reform which could result in uncertain outcomes. India and China comparatively are both nations and ancient civilizations that have led global economic growth throughout history. Both have risen to be counted in the top 4 economies in the world. The real prediction is that India and China will develop distinct core advantages in the coming 50 years, which will become the basis of sustainable trade and the establishment of a multipolar world.

Are nuclear power plants just a sort of steam engine?

 Essentially, yes.

The nuclear fission produces enormous amounts of heat and you use the heat to produce steam to drive a steam turbine which in turn drives the alternator.

It’s basically a conventional coal powered plant on steroids. A conventional coal powered plant uses coal to heat the water instead of nuclear fission.

Apart from photovoltaics, electricity is generated by driving the alternator ( electric generator) using a mechanical device such as a steam turbine, hydraulic turbine, gas turbines, diesel engines or IC engines or just about any device that will output mechanical energy.

A steam turbine converts thermal energy from high pressure and high temperature steam into mechanical energy which is outputted at the shaft of the turbine which in turn drives an alternator ( short for alternating current generator ) that produces electricity.

Similarly a hydraulic turbine converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy that drives the alternator.

The difference between a coal powered plant and nuclear plant is how the water is heated and made into steam to drive the steam turbine. A nuclear plant uses nuclear fission which can generate enormous heat and that is used to generate the steam that drives the steam turbine. The only difference is the source of the heat for the steam.

And for people commenting that Beta Voltaics, Magneto Hydrodynamics, Fuel cells, batteries etc can produce electricity without a mechanical prime mover with the exception of photovoltaics, can any of them power an electric grid or produce enough power to do so? This specific answer pertains to power generation for an electric grid and other than photovoltaics, most others are incompabale of generating power to supply a grid and batteries are for low power devices ( cars with Li-Ion or NiMH batteries have to recharge through the electric grid mostly powered by conventional electric power generation and some from photovoltaics.

7 Forgotten Shakti Peethas That Still Whisper With Power

 You must have heard about Kamakhya, Vaishno Devi, and Kalighat. But the Shakti Peetha map is not complete without the ones the world forgot. In the ancient legend of Sati and Shiva. Religious beliefs 51 or some say 108 body parts of the goddess fell to Earth, creating spiritual hotbeds across India and beyond. While only a few have turned into famous temples with queues of thousands, others lie hidden in forests, on foreign soil, or under layers of lost history. These 7 sites might not show up on your pilgrimage app, but they might just be the most powerful of them all.

1. Chandrabhaga Shakti Peetha

It is located in Prabhas, near Veraval in Gujarat, is said to be where Sati’s stomach fell. Few know this even exists. The temple lies in semi-ruins but locals speak of strange peace and ancient chants that still echo on full moon nights. Devotees believe meditating here strengthens inner digestion not just physical, but emotional too.

2. Jainagarh Shakti Peetha

Where Sati’s right thigh landed, lies an overgrown stone shrine in Bankura. Once a center for tantra worship, now even Google Maps struggles to locate it. Called Jayadurga by the elders, the temple is whispered to awaken feminine fire in those who seek it with faith.

3. Srisailam Shakti Peetha

A known Jyotirlinga, yes. But did you know it’s also where her neck fell? Unlike other Peethas, this one is alive with both Shiva and Shakti energy in one complex. Priests say her voice still vibrates in the echoing halls, guiding those lost in life.

4. Chintpurni Shakti Peetha

Called Chhinnamastika, the goddess here is depicted without a head, symbolizing freedom from ego. The forehead of Sati is said to have landed here. Forgotten by most lists, the temple buzzes with secret prayers. They say if you come here burdened, you’ll leave light—without understanding why.

5. Amarnath Cave Shakti Peetha

Srinagar, Jul 03 (ANI): A view of the shrine of the Amarnath Cave during the first Aarti of Baba Barfani, in Srinagar on Thursday. (Shri Amarnath Ji Shrine Board/ANI Photo)

Devotees flock for the ice lingam of Shiva, but ancient Shaiva texts also claim this is where her throat fell. Perhaps that’s why every chant feels louder, every echo deeper. Could this be the reason the cave has drawn sages for millennia?

6. Sugandha Shakti Peetha

Near Barisal lies Sugandha, the Peetha of Sati’s nose. The temple, humble and weather-beaten, stands as a lonely guardian of forgotten power. Only during Durga Puja do thousands gather—otherwise, she rests alone, watching over the land with invisible grace.

7. Guhyeshwari Shakti Peetha

Few Indian pilgrims know this name. Fewer visit. But the temple of Guhyeshwari, near Pashupatinath in Nepal, is said to be where her knees fell. Guhya means secret, and true to her name, the goddess reveals herself only to those who come in silence and surrender.

Why We Forgot Them

first was that these are not Insta-famous, These temples don’t trend on social media and they don’t market themselves. On the other hand it is also true that some temples are beyond boundaries., like Some lie in Nepal, Bangladesh and out of reach for many Indians. These temples have mysterious energy means these are not for show, These are for seekers.

The Goddess never needed fame. Her power isn’t in gold domes or Instagram reels, it’s in the quiet corners of the Earth where few go, but many return transformed.