Porus (Puru or Purushottama), the ruler of the Paurava kingdom, is the Indian king who famously faced Alexander the Great.
🌊 The Battle of the Hydaspes (326 BCE)
Alexander’s forces clashed with Porus’ army on the banks of the Hydaspes River (modern-day Jhelum River in Pakistan). This battle marked a significant turning point in Alexander’s Indian campaign.
🐘 Porus’ Valiant Resistance
Porus, with an estimated 20,000-30,000 soldiers and 300 war elephants, faced off against Alexander’s 40,000-strong army. Despite being outnumbered, Porus’ forces put up an incredible fight.
⚔️ The Outcome
Although Alexander’s forces ultimately won the battle, Porus’ bravery and strategic tactics impressed Alexander. Alexander was so impressed that he:
- Restored Porus to his throne 👑
- Granted him additional territory 🌍
- Formed an alliance with Porus 🤝
🏆 Why is Porus Considered the Victor?
While technically defeated, Porus achieved a moral victory by:
- Inflicting heavy casualties on Alexander’s forces 💥
- Demonstrating exceptional bravery and leadership 🦁
- Securing favorable terms from Alexander 📜
📜 Historical Significance
Porus’ resistance marked the beginning of the end of Alexander’s Indian campaign. Alexander’s forces soon mutinied, refusing to advance further into India.
📚 Sources
Our understanding of this battle comes from ancient Greek and Roman sources, including:
- Arrian’s “The Campaigns of Alexander” 📖
- Plutarch’s “Life of Alexander” 📘
- Quintus Curtius Rufus’ “The History of Alexander” 📙
🌟 Porus’ Legacy
Porus is celebrated in Indian history and folklore for his courage and strategic prowess. His legacy serves as a testament to the valiant resistance of ancient Indian rulers against foreign invaders. 🏹