This occurs because when blood glucose levels rise above the kidney’s reabsorption threshold (usually around 180 mg/dL), the excess sugar spills into the urine. Glucose draws water with it through osmosis, leading to increased urine production, sometimes causing diabetics to urinate every 1 to 2 hours, even at night a condition called nocturia.
This symptom is often one of the earliest warning signs of undiagnosed diabetes. Type 1 diabetics may experience more severe polyuria than those with Type 2, especially during periods of uncontrolled hyperglycemia.
The frequent urination can lead to dehydration, making the individual feel excessively thirsty (polydipsia), creating a vicious cycle of drinking and urinating.
In well-managed diabetes, urination patterns tend to normalize as blood sugar levels stabilize.
However, persistent polyuria despite treatment may signal complications like diabetic nephropathy or the need for medication adjustment.
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