Just 8 minutes after the sun sets, every corner of the Earth would be in darkness. The darkness that would be noticeable at midnight would come suddenly and without warning. The moon would not be visible, as there is no more sunlight to reflect off its surface. But the real problems begin after a few hours.
The first and most critical factor for life is the complete conclusion of the photosynthesis process by plant organisms. Without a constant production of oxygen, many life forms on the planet are lost.
The second problem begins to be noticed at the end of the first day: temperatures have dropped significantly, and continue to fall rapidly. After a month, the planet is covered in ice, reaching a temperature of -40°C. The only life forms that still resist the continuous cooling are those in the vicinity of geothermal activity, such as tectonic faults, geothermal vents, and oceanic areas. According to several studies, the Earth should continue to cool, transforming into a celestial body completely covered in ice.
In 10 to 20 years, the cold on the surface would be so extreme (around -240 degrees Celsius) that atmospheric gases would begin to condense and fall to the surface, first as dew and then as snow. The atmosphere would collapse completely, covering the planet with solidified oxygen, hydrogen, and other gases. Life on Earth would continue because extremophilic organisms from the ocean depths do not need light to survive and would serve as food for small fish and mollusks.
For now, we are only considering the possibility that the Sun might no longer irradiate Earth with its precious energy. But let us also consider the possibility that it might be compromised as a star and that its influence on the solar system might also be lost. Without the Sun's gravitational field, the solar system itself would be affected, leaving all the planets adrift in space along with the various celestial bodies that orbited around them.
But there is good news: if planet Earth manages to wander through space without colliding with other planets or asteroids, there may be a very small chance of it finding another Sun and integrating into a new system.