I assume the questions asks about lead actresses of her time so not including the actresses after he switched to character roles.
Padmini Kolhapure- Amitabh and Padmini never worked together even though they came close to work together twice. Once, she was considered for the lead roles in Yash Chopra’s Silsila but Yash Chopra didn't liked the screen tests and he water the casting coup of Rekha and Jaya with Amitabh so Padmini was not cast. Secondly, she was supposed to work with Amitabh in Charlie but the film was shelved after Amitabh decided to cut his work after his accident on the sets of Coolie.
Anita Raj- Another prominent actress of 80s Amitabh never worked with. Anita Raj never got an opportunity to work with Amitabh as she barely worked in the Big budget films in lead roles apart from Dharmendra and Mithun starrers. Anita Raj was signed by the great makers Hrishikesh Mukherjee in the film Auqaat opposite Amitabh also starring Jayaprada. But the film was shelved after Amitabh’s accident.
Mandakini- By the time Mandakini made waves with Ram Teri Ganga Maili, Amitabh had entered politics. And when he returned Mandakini was deep into typical mass masala movies and lost her market very soon. Mandakini could never get the setup she got in her first film again.
Madhuri Dixit- Even though Madhuri Dixit entered films in 1984 she got success only in 1988 the year which marks the gradual decline of Bachchan with the failure of Ganga Jamuna Saraswati. Madhuri was supposed to work with Amitabh in Shinakht, Badhua and Rishta, but all the films were shelved and we could never see them together except for a song appearance in Bade Miyan Chote Miyan.
Sangeeta Bijlani- She is by and large known only for Tridev, and by the time she enter d bollywood Amitabh was on a gradual decline so again she couldn't work with Amitabh in his heydeys.
Even actresses like Poonam Dhillon and Neelam worked with him in sister daughter roles not in a lead role. Tinnu Anand rejected Poonam for Shahenshah because the role needed exposure and Poonam was baby faced. Yash Chopra also rejected Poonam after taking her audition for Silsila. Neelam worked with Amitabh in Agneepath as sister and Indrajith as his daughter. Sonam worked with Amitabh Bachchan in Ajooba but was not paired together. Karishma Kapoor and Raveena Tandon worked with Maitabh in Insnaiyat and Mrityudata, Tabu in Kohram but were not paired together. Shilpa Shirodkar, Deepak Sahi also worked with Amitabh in Hum but again not paired.
And then we have the curious case of Sudha Chandran who worked and didn't work with Amitabh. Amitabh and Shatrughn Sinha were signed for a film Yaar Meri Zindagi in 1971. But the film was shelved after some shooting. In the next few years Shatrughn Sinha became a star and Amitabh became a mega star. So the makers decided to revive the film but it kept postponing and by the time the shooting commenced again everyone left the film except Shatrughn Sinha. So the makers cast Sudha Chandran in late 80s to shoot new scenes while using stock footage to show Amitabh Bachchan and other actors. Amitabh Bachchan didn't work with Sudha Chandran didn't work together but in the film they had scenes together by editing and shadow shooting. The film eventually got a release in 2006, after 35 years.